History of intelligence assessment

Question 1

what is anthropometry

Answer 1

measurement of human

Question 2

• The use of objective techniques to measure intelligence started with the efforts of

Answer 2

Francis Galton

Question 3

Galton never directly asserted that his tests measured intelligence (True or false)

Answer 3

True

Question 4

what did Francis Galton and the anthropometric contribute to intelligence testing

Answer 4

he never directly asserted that he is measuring intelligence, however he used test batteries and questionnaires
* he took measurements of hight, clothing, eye tint, eye sight, he also measured strength in points, head dimensions, height, and weight
he considered these are indicators of
* physical efficiency to preform on formal academic examination
*which he thought is the best measure of intelligence

Question 5

what is the best measures of intelligence according to Francis Galton

Answer 5

physical efficiency to preform on formal academic examination

Question 6

What did the Cartel Columbia test of intelligence include?

Answer 6

A Some of the Galton’s sensory measures,
B cattle’s reaction time,
C some newer measures like 1 memory for digits 2 letter cancellation 3 self-reported retrieval of mental images 4 logical memory 5 word association test
D non lab tests on a health and physical background (sleep, alcohol use, caffeine, exercise) and interests

Question 7

the father of cognitive and intellectual assessment

Answer 7

Alfred Binet

Question 8

Binet was appointed to a commission by French government to separate children into vocational vs academic schooling.

Answer 8

true

Question 9

Binet and _____ undertook the task of developing diagnostic test to ?

Answer 9

Simon, identify children with mental retardation, the first scale was completed in 1905. scale consisted of 30 items (pass, fail)
items ranked according to difficulty clear instruction of administration

Question 10

when were the Binet and Simon scales expanded? and how many items were added for the adult assessment?

Answer 10

1911, +5

Question 11

which is the most top-ranked instrument of the Binet-simon scale

Answer 11

Standford-Binet developed by lewis terman

Question 12

In the United States, Henry Goddard translated the 1908 scale through his assistant Elizabeth Kite.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

By 1939, there were about 77 adaptations and translations of the Binet-Simon Scales

Answer 13

true

Question 14

Lewis Terman for the Standrford Binet scale : eliminated from the Binet-Simon, and did not add anything new

Answer 14

false, he added some new

Question 15

What are some of the problems that are in Binet-Simon’s version

Answer 15

1. failure to measure / assess separate abilities
2. not suitable for gifted adults
3. the inefficiency of the scoring system

Question 16

what are the advantages of Stanford Binet over other intelligence test ? Reported by Minton 1988

Answer 16

1. easy comprehensive guide for the examiner which made it easy to teach and learn
2. the use of intelligence quotient became the new standard for intelligence test
3. it was the most thorough and extensive version of Binet-Simon Scales

Question 17

Army Alpha

Answer 17

Robert Yerkes and committee developed proposals for the testing of army recruits, Army Alpha consisted of 8 subetests for examinees fluent in English and are literate (can write and read)

Question 18

Army Beta

Answer 18

7 subtest for examinees with inadequate mastery of English and literacy

Question 19

Weschler believed that the division of his intelligence scales into ___ and _____ subtest was _____ useful

Answer 19

verbal, and performance, diagnostically

Question 20

first person to term intelligence in a psychology text

Answer 20

Herbert Spencer in “principles of psychology”

Question 21

what was the definition of intelligence in principles of psychology

Answer 21

biological characteristic that evolved through adapting to the environment

Question 22

intelligere in latin?

Answer 22

understand

Question 23

the most widely referenced definition of intelligence is ?

Answer 23

Wechsler’s : aggregate the global capacity of the individual to 1 act purposefully 2 to think rationally and 3 act effectively in their environment

Question 24

what was the first major effort to develop a theory of intelligence

Answer 24

Charles Spearman’s discovery of the g factor

Question 25

what is the two factor theory

Answer 25

spearman emphasized that all branches of intellectuals activity have in common one fundamental function or a group of function the two facto theory is saying that there are two factors for intelligence one is g factor (common variance across measures), as specific factor (subtest variance)

Question 26

who developed the multiple factor analysis

Answer 26

Thurstone, it permitted separated largely unrelated ability factors

Question 27

Termed the factors "primary mental abilities"

Answer 27

Thurstone

Question 28

Thurston food evidence of the g factor in Spearmen's

Answer 28

False, he did not find evidence of the g factor

Question 29

what are the primary mental abilities for thurstone?

Answer 29

1. associative memory 2. word fluency 3. verbal comprehension 4. reasoning 5. perceptual speed 6. visual spatialization 7. numerical speed

Question 30

What is the factor analysis based theory of intelligence

Answer 30

that there are two general factors for intelligence general fluid ability gf and gc crystallized ability / intelligence fluid intelligence gf - is the ability to facility in reasoning, where adaptation to new situation is required crystallized intelligence gc - refers to the accessible store of knowledge and the ability to use that knowledge in solving problems, also the ability to learn / acquire knowledge from familiar learning strategies

Question 31

what is Carroll's hierarchical three startup model of cognitive intelligence

Answer 31

he believed that intelligence has layers and the top layer or Startum III or third order - the factor of general intelligence second order - `startup II - 8 broader abilities factor first order - STartum I, lowest stratum is 65 specific skills - narrow abilities factors