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History of Psychology > History of Psychology > Flashcards

History of Psychology Flashcards

famous psychologists and what they did

1
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

opened first official lab in experimental psychology

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2
Q

Titchner

A

Brought Wundt’s psychology to the US

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3
Q

John Watson

A

Father of behavioristic approach

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4
Q

B.F Skinner

A

Added analysis to Watson’s behavioristic approach

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5
Q

What is Self Actualization?

A

(Maslow) Drive within each human to achieve full potential

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6
Q

What is the Humanistic Approach?

A

(Carl Rogers) Humans have natural tendency for growth, mental health, and self fulfilment

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7
Q

Darwin

A

Origin of the species, studies pharisees - survival of the fittest - evolution

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8
Q

Peter and Rosemary Grant

A

Documented Darwin’s theories of evolution
“Natural selection can have dramatic results even in the short term”

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9
Q

Gregor Mendel (Oh Gregor!)

A

studied relationship b/w parents and offspring

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10
Q

Rene Descartes

A

the human body is an animal machine which is understood through natural laws

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11
Q

Fechner

A

Coined terms “Psychophysics” - created procedures to measure physical and sensory experiences

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12
Q

Pavlov

A

Dog salivating test

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13
Q

Thorndike

A

Puzzle box for cats

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14
Q

Fritz/Hader

A

We try to understand the sense of man and causes of his behavior

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15
Q

Attribution theory

A

(Harold Kenney) How we perceive the causes of everyday experiences, as being external or internal

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16
Q

Self perception

A

(Bern) tap into our internal state from perceptions of our behavior in the present and the past

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17
Q

Jung

A

Expanded the conception of the unconscious which isn’t limited to individuals or unique life experiences but rather filled with fundamental psychological truths shared by all humans

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18
Q

Collective Consciousness

A

(Jung) Shared beliefs, ideas, and moral attitudes which operate as a unifying force within society. refers to the shared understanding of social norms.

19
Q

Horney

A

Criticizes Freud’s approach to penis envy - talks about womb jelousy and emphasizes that cultural forces affect development

20
Q

True Self

A

(Horney) positive attitude in childhood

21
Q

Lorenz

A

Humans don’t have evolved mechanisms to inhibit their aggressive impulses

22
Q

John Locke

A

Human development comes from experience (Imperialism)

23
Q

John-Jeques Rousseu

A

Nature molds development (nativism)

24
Q

Jean Piaget

A

made theories about how children think

25
Q

Renee Burltargeon

A

object permanence is from age two/foundation theories

26
Q

Lev Vygotsky

A

Children develop by “internalization” - they absorb knowledge from social context

27
Q

Paul Bates and margaret

A

selective optimization with compensation

28
Q

Erik Erikson

A

Trained by Anna Freud - said that every human must navigate series of psychosocial states (conflicts)

29
Q

James Lange

A

Physical changes happen first in the body and then with emotion.

James Lang theory of emotions
Emotions are how our body reacts to an event. The emotions we feel after that are labels to describe the way we react

30
Q

Stanley Schachter

A

emotion is physiological arousal and cognitive approval

31
Q

Richard Lazarus

A

emotions aren’t only understood by what happens in the brain but also stems from ongoing transactions with the environment

32
Q

Robert Zajonc

A

people have preferences without knowing why

33
Q

Freud

A

every behavior, thought and emotion has reasons that originate from early experiences. Our capacity for change is limited

34
Q

Carl Rogers

A

unconditional positive regard towards children - children should always feel they are loved and cared for even when they fuck up

35
Q

Horney (continued)

A

the goal of an individual is to achieve self realization/striving for self fulfilment

36
Q

John Dollard and Neal Miller

A

introduced learned drives, inhibition of responses and learned habit patterns

37
Q

Walter Mischel

A

influential theory of cognitive basis of personality - humans participate in cognitive organization of their interactions with the environment.

38
Q

Nancy Cantor

A

Social intelligence theory of personality -
three types:
1) Choice of Life Goals
2) knowledge relevant to social interactions
3) strategies for implementing goals

39
Q

David Rosehan

A

It’s impossible to be sane in an insane situation

40
Q

Thomas Szasz

A

Mental illness doesn’t really exists - deviant people are judged because they go against the norm

41
Q

Philippe Pinel

A

People with mental illnesses aren’t evil or possessed but rather people who are sick

42
Q

Emil Kraepelin

A

Created first comprehensive classification system of psychological disorders

43
Q

Aaron Beck

A

leading researcher on depression. He developed theory of “Cognitive Triad”
1) self
2) world
3) future

44
Q

Susan Nolen Hoeksema

A

Why women experience sadness - we look for reasons. Men experience sadness by distracting themselves

History of Psychology (2 decks)

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