History of Psychology Flashcards
(5 cards)
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Founder of psychology who established the first formal lab in 1879 at the University of Leipzig; emphasized consciousness and aimed to make psychology as scientific as physics.
What is Structuralism?
Developed by Edward Titchener, focused on breaking down consciousness into basic elements like sensations, feelings, and images using introspection; criticized for being subjective and unscientific.
What is Introspection?
A method used in structuralism where trained individuals described their internal experiences in detail (e.g., ‘a red patch’ instead of ‘I see a rose’).
Who is William James?
Founder of functionalism; believed consciousness evolved to help people adapt to their environment; influenced by Darwin; used introspection, observation, and questionnaires.
What is Functionalism?
Focused on the purpose of mental processes, exploring how consciousness and behavior help individuals adapt; studied emotions, learning, and individual differences.
