History of the Middle East

Question 1

For hundreds of years, the _______ ______ was the dominant player in Southeast Asia (Middle East). At one time, its territory was ___ times the size of Texas and covered what is now ______ and parts of three continents, ______, ____, and ______.

Answer 1

Ottoman Empire
Turkey
Europe
Asia
Africa

Question 2

Before World War l, the Ottoman Empire had lost much of its territory in ________.

Answer 2

disputes

Question 3

After helping win World War l, Great Brittain and France were given permission by The ______ of _______ to decide who would control the Ottoman territory.

Answer 3

League of Nations

Question 4

The process of dividing up control of this territory was known ___________, and the _____ were not consulted!

Answer 4

partitioning
Arabs

Question 5

____________ wound up with the most authority in the Middle East and had the greatest power to draw new ________ _______.

Answer 5

Great Britain, National Borders

Question 6

The region known as Mesopotamia was partitioned into ____, _____, and _______.

Answer 6

Iraq, Palestine, Lebanon

Question 7

The British split away a piece of Palestine and made the new nation of ______.

Answer 7

Jordan

Question 8

After partitioning, the British were in charge in: ____, _________, ______, and part of ___________.

Answer 8

Iraq, Palestine, Jordan, Saudi Arabia,

Question 9

The French were in charge of: _______, _____, and part of ______. Russia also had a small part of ______.

Answer 9

Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Turkey

Question 10

Great Britain made sure friendly governments were maintained in the territories it controlled because Britain wanted to keep its ________ in the region and wanted to secure valuable ___ resources.

Answer 10

territory, oil

Question 11

Two main flaws in the way Britain and France partitioned the Middle East were:

Answer 11

a. Setting borders period
b. borders were artificial

Question 12

These flaws and problems set the stage for decades of ___________ by Middle Easterners toward the West.

Answer 12

hostility

Question 13

Many _____________ and ________ conflicts were fought in the region, and fighting over claims for land led to long periods of _________ ________ in the region.

Answer 13

Middle Eastern, Civil War,

Question 14

Some countries fell under years of ____________, as Iraq did with dictator ______ _______.

Answer 14

dictatorship, Saddam Hussein

Question 15

____ and _____ Muslims have been and continue to be in conflict with each other, especially in Iraq, where the British merged them together.

Answer 15

Shia, Sunni

Question 16

____ and ________ lie at the heart of these conflicts in the Middle East.

Answer 16

Land, religious

Question 17

In ____, Palestine was partitioned into Jewish state of ______ and the Arab Muslim state of _________.

Answer 17

1948, Israel, Palestine

Question 18

Palestinians denied the right of Israel to _____ as a ______.

Answer 18

exist, nation

Question 19

Israel was attacked by neighboring Arab countries as soon as it was established. These countries were: _______, _____, ______, _____, and ____.

Answer 19

Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Iraq

Question 20

Palestinians and Israelis who both lived in in the are called the ____ _____ constantly fought.

Answer 20

Gaza Strip

Question 21

Members of the Shiite Muslims group _________ frequently attacked Israel, despite peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan.

Answer 21

Hezbollah

Question 22

Aggressive Iraq ______ have clashed with with _______ in neighboring ____.

Answer 22

Sunnis, Shiites, Shia

Question 23

When Europeans partitioned the regions, the _____ didn’t get their own territory, which has left them vulnerable to extreme ___________.

Answer 23

Kurds, persecution

Question 24

Before he was overthrown and executed, Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein attempted to _________ his country’s _______ population

Answer 24

eliminate, Kurdish

Question 25

In recent years, the _____ have been negatively affected by war in _____.

Answer 25

Kurds, Syria

Question 26

____________ is extreme discrimination against the Jews.

Answer 26

Antisemitism

Question 27

Christian Europeans in the 1800s and 1900s treated Jews as strange _________ and an ________ race.

Answer 27

outsiders, inferirior

Question 28

Some countries refused to allow Jews to own ________ and restricted the number of Jews aloud to _____________.

Answer 28

property, attend college

Question 29

In German yin the 1920s and 1930s, antisemitism increased as _____ ______ rose to power in the Nazi Party.

Answer 29

Adolf Hitler

Question 30

He believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's ________ ________ after World War l.

Answer 30

economic problems

Question 31

The Nazis forced their anti-Semitic beliefs on the people of the areas they conquered, including ______ and _____.

Answer 31

France, Polen

Question 32

Between ____ and ____, waves of Jewish immigrants poured into _________ to escape rising persecution in Europe.

Answer 32

1919, 1936, Palestine

Question 33

_______ is the idea that the Jewish people should have a safe home in Palestine and its city of Jerusalem, where they have ancient religious ties, and that this home should be secured by public law

Answer 33

Zionism,

Question 34

Because they were upset about the number of Jews moving into Palestine, Arabs began to complain and persuaded the British to stop __________ Zionism.

Answer 34

supported

Question 35

One of the darkest chapters in world history is the _________, when the Nazis developed a plan to ___________ all Jews in Europe.

Answer 35

Holocaust, exterminate

Question 36

The Holocaust was the Nazis' "_____ ________" to what Hitler considered Europe's "______ _______."

Answer 36

final solution, Jewish problem

Question 37

The Jews were were systematically executed by breathing ______ ___ or by ______ _____.

Answer 37

poison gas, firing squad

Question 38

By the end of World War ll, more than _ _______ Jews had been killed, and nearly one in four of those was a _____!

Answer 38

6 million, child

Question 40

Starting in the late _____, when America supported the created the creation of Israel, the U.S has tried to play a role in the ________ and __________ of the Middle East.

Answer 40

1940s, politics, stability

Question 41

Today, the U.S. intrests in the Middle East center around two things:

Answer 41

a. A stable flow of oil b. security from terrorism

Question 42

In _____ Iraq invaded neighboring ______ because Iraq dictator Saddam Hussein wanted control of its _________ and better access to the Persian Gulf ________ ______.

Answer 42

1990s, Kuwait, oil fields, shipping routs

Question 43

Instead of supporting Iraq's invasion _____ ______ feared that Iraq would move on from Kuwait and invade _____ territory, so it asked the ____________ for help.

Answer 43

Saudi Arabia, Saudi, United States

Question 44

Believing Iraq control of Middle Eastern oil would eventually _____ its supply, the U.S. government agreed to help by leading a group of nations to drive Iraq troops out of Kuwait.

Answer 44

limit

Question 45

In _______, 199_, the U.S. led operation began, and it lasted only ___ weeks!

Answer 45

January 16, 1991 6

Question 46

On their way out of Kuwait, Iraqi troupes _________ oil wells and hinted that they possessed _______________________.

Answer 46

set fire to, weapons of mass destruction.

Question 47

The United Nations issued a _____ _______ against Iraq during the Persian Gulf War, and to end it, Iraq would have to _______ any chemical or ________ weapons and stop making any _______ weapons.

Answer 47

trade embargo, destroy, biological

Question 48

Iraq allowed the UN inspection teams to enter their country to destroy ___s, but by 1998, some people believed that Saddam Hussein still had ______ ________ of weapons and production facilities. However, others believe that about __% of WMDs had been ________.

Answer 48

WMD, hidden reserves, 85, destroyed

Question 49

An extreme Islamic group known as the _______ took power in Afghanistan in the late ____s.

Answer 49

Taliban, 1990

Question 50

This group installed a very anti-________ government and protected the __-_____ and its leader, _____ ___ _____.

Answer 50

american, AL-Qaeda, Osama bin Laden

Question 51

On September 11, 200_, terrorists attacked the ______________ and the U.S. pentagon, which the U.S. considered acts of ___!

Answer 51

1, World Trade Centers, pentagon, war

Question 52

__ _____ and its leader, Osama bin Laden, claimed responsibility for the attacks.

Answer 52

AL-Qaeda

Question 53

To prevent another such attack, the US invaded _________ in November, 200_ 10 ____ the Taliban and to find ___ ________

Answer 53

Afghanistan, 1, 2011, bin Laden

Question 54

The Taliban were _______ defeated, but rebuilt their forces in neighboring military posts in ___________, uing ___________________ and ______________ bombs.

Answer 54

Quickly, Pakistan, international, Afghanistan, sucide bombers, roadside

Question 55

It took__ years for the US military to find bin Laden, who was shot and killed in _________ during a US military raid.

Answer 55

10, Pakistan

Question 56

Believing the Iraq still possessed ___ following the exit of the UN inspectors from Iraq in ____ collation of several Nations led by the United States ______ Iraq.

Answer 56

Wmds, 2003, invaded,

Question 57

The goal was to______ Hussein from _____ and to discover any remaining___

Answer 57

Remove, power, wmds

Question 58

Hussein was _______, _____, and sentenced to _____ for various war crimes, but WMDs were ____________.

Answer 58

Captured, tried, death, not found

Question 59

After Hussein's capture the US and a coalition from the __ remained in Iraq to _________________________________

Answer 59

UN, help astablish a new government.

Question 60

a _________ resistance movement which rose up and attacked American troops along with roadside bombings , ___________, civilian ___ and ____ and battles between ____________________ has made putting iraq back together difficult.

Answer 60

guerrilla, unemployment, deaths, inguries, shunni shite

Question 61

in 2005, Iraqis took part in ____ _________ to establish a new ___________ government.

Answer 61

free, elections, democratic

Question 62

The US government maintained _______ in Iraq until Iraq police and solders could keep the country ______ and ______.

Answer 62

troops, secure, stable

Question 63

US forces left Iraq in ________, 20__.

Answer 63

December 2011

Question 64

Divisions between _____ and ____ Muslims threatened to ______ the government again.

Answer 64

Sunni, shia, divide