history & science behind implants Flashcards
What are the 5 potential options for the edentulous space?
- No treatment
- Removable partial dentures (conventional/complex)
- Bridgework
- Overdentures
- Implants
Name 4 advantages for Removable Partial Dentures.
- Cheap
- Easy to construct.
- Aesthetic.
- Removable but easily maintained.
Name 4 disadvantages of Removable Partial Dentures.
- Increased levels of dental plaque.
- Increased risk of dental caries and periodontal diseases.
- Lack of retention.
- Trauma to underlying tissues.
What are 4 disadvantages for removable partial dentures?
- Greater plaque accumulation.
- Increased gingival inflammation.
- Candidiasis.
- Increase in caries/root caries.
Reasons for missing teeth:
- Tooth Loss:
- caries
- endo failure
- perio disease
- trauma - Congenitally absent.
Why replace missing teeth?
- Aesthetic Improvement
- Avoids social stigma associated with tooth loss.
- Improve function.
- Improve speech.
- Space maintenance.
4 indications for fixed bridges:
- Short edentulous spans (1-2 missing teeth).
- Replacement of an existing bridge.
- Crowned abutment tooth.
- Sound abutment tooth.
Name 3 advantages for a resin bonded bridge.
- Fixed restoration.
- Minimal preparation required.
- Good aesthetics.
What are 2 disadvantages of a resin bonded bridge?
- Bond Failure
- Greying of the abutment tooth.
What are 5 indications for a removable partial denture?
- Long edentulous space.
- Multiple missing teeth on both sides of the arch.
- Transition to complete dentures.
- Immediate replacement for teeth.
What are 2 advantages for conventional bridges?
- Fixed restoration.
- Good aesthetics.
What are the 3 disadvantages for conventional bridges?
- Destructive
- Catastrophic Failure
- Difficult Maintenance
What are the 3 types of dental implant?
- Endosteal - root form or blade.
- Periosteal
- Transosteal - straight through the bone.
describes where they get their anchorage
What is an abutment tooth?
Tooth that a bridge is attached to.
What is the difference between a conventional and resin bonded bridge?
Conventional - crown the abutment and attach the bridge to it.
Resin Bonded - sound abutment tooth.
Describe the process of osseointegration.
- Haemostasis then coagulant resorbed.
- Inflammatory reaction.
- Bone resorption through osteoclastic action.
- Relate of growth factors.
- Attraction by chemotaxis of osteoprogenit or cells to the site
- Osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into osteoblasts.
- Bone deposition at the implant surface.
What is osseointegration?
The direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load bearing implant.
connection between bone and material
Advantages of dental implants.
- Fixed restoration.
- Tooth for tooth replacement.
- Maintains alveolar bone.
- Improves denture retention/support.
- No prep of abutment teeth.
- Good aesthetics.
Disadvantages of dental implants.
- Surgical procedure.
- Technique sensitive.
- High cost.
- Significant maintenance requirements.
- Relies on availability of bone stock.
- Contraindicated for various co-morbidities
What are the 4 characteristics of implant design?
- Shape
- Length
- Diameter
- Surface Topography
Which type of implant is a contemporary dental implant?
Root form endosseous implants.
2 types of implant design shape.
Tapered Cylindrical - narrowed aped (useful for avoiding anatomy).
Parallel Cylindrical
3 descriptors of thread design:
- Shape
- Pitch
- Depth/width.
How does implant length vary?
Different implant lengths available varies with different manufacturers.
