History test 1920-1930 Flashcards
What changed in the economy in the 1920’s
There were plenty of jobs, good wages, and prices aren’t too high, they were prosperous times
-New inventions : automobile
-Silent movies
-Sports
-Fad & Entertainment
-Women got the right to vote and their fation changed to a bit more showfull clothes.
Did the 1920s Roar?
Yes:
-New inventions :Washing machine, Fridge,Toaster. Water in house
-The invention of cars
-Men and women could play golf
-Less restrictions on women
No:
-Some women became shamefully and showed more skin than allowed
-Where was a long drought which caused farmers to go search for work
-42% of manufacturing jobs were lost, the reasons coal mining industry was badly hit by a shift away from coal and oil and electricity.
-It became mandatory for First Nations at the age of 7-15 to go to residential schools
-Canadian government passed legislation spifificly prohibiting Chinese immigrant.
Prohibition
the act of prohibiting by authority. 2. : an order to restrain or stop. 3. often capitalized :
in the 1920 Prohibition was a nationwide ban on the sale and import of alcoholic beverages that lasted from 1920 to 1933.
The people of Canada wanted the prohibition because they believed that alcohol was the cause of many social issues
The Culture of the Roaring 20s
Women in the 1920s and the Person’s Case
- women changed their style to a dress-less clothing to encourage easy movement and some restrictions on women behaviour in public were dropped : shorter skirts, shorter hair, smoking and drinking in public
History of Residential Schools in Canada
Causes of the Great Depression -buying on margin/ Black Tuesday
- Over production and over expansion
-Canadian markets could only absorb so many goods
-large amounts of goods began to pile up
-factories slowed down and workers were laid off - Canada’s Dependence on a Few Primary Products
-wheat, fish, minerals, pulp and paper were affected
-industries were producing less and there was less demand
-wheat was effected by droughts - Canada’s Dependence on the U.S.
-Canada and the U.S. were trading partners, when the depression hit, both countries were greatly affected - High Tariffs Cut Off International Trade
-high tariffs placed on foreign imports to protect industries in Canada and there was less trade between nations - Too Much Credit Buying
-by 1929, buying on credit was a well-established practice-“buy now, pay later”
-many people fell into debt, some people lost everything - Too Much Credit Buying of Stock
-buying on margin-individuals bought stock on credit and when the stock went up, they would sell it, pay off the creditors and pocket the profits
-on Oct. 29, 1929, Black Tuesday or the Great Crash, the value of stocks dropped, people panicked and began to sell
-prices fell lower as stock was dumped
-in a few hours, the value of most stock fell by more than 50%, big and small investors lost millions
-The Great Depression had begun
Solutions to the Great Depression
- P.M. W.L.M. King’s idea was to “wait it out”
-he said he would give no help(relief) to any non-Liberal province
-known as “five cent piece” speech
-cost King the election in 1930 - P.M. Bennett was a conservative millionaire
-“I will end unemployment or perish in the attempt”
-in reality had no idea how to solve economic problems
-tried: emergency funds, military relief camps for jobless single men, high tariffs
to protect Canadian business
-but no cure
-Bennett buggies Bennett boroughs Bennett blankets Bennett barnyardsBennett’s New Deal (1935)
-1935 election, introduces radical reforms (similar to U.S. President Roosevelt plan)
-use government resources
-if people can afford things then more buying and employment will follow
-give farmers government money
-large federal make work projects
-1935 establishes unemployment, social insurance, set minimum wages, limit
hours worked, fair treatment of employees, price controls - Dissatisfaction with Conservatives and Liberals lead to three new parties
i. Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (C.C.F.)
-seek economic reform
-mixed economy (nationalized and private industry)
-support for pensions, health and welfare insurance, baby bonus, unemployment
insurance, injury compensation
-1961 becomes New Democratic Party (N.D.P.)
-Liberals and Conservatives adopted some of their policies
ii. Social Credit
-began in Alberta
-felt wages were lower than price of goods and services
-people cannot afford to buy goods
-believe in distributing “social credit” in order to give money to people who need it
iii) Union Nationale
-Quebec government began in 1935
-protested high unemployment and economic hardships
-wanted social, economic and political reform
-1936-1939 became Quebec’s government under Duplessis
These “solutions” did not really help. It would take another world war to end the depression.
Effects of the great depresion
- Phycological effect on all people
- Economic changes- don’t trust credit buying as much
- The survivors will ensure that their children will have more and not suffer as they did
- Wellfare state root- government begins to help citizens with programs like
a) famil allowance
b) Unemployment
c)Seniors Pensions
Canadian Autonomy
The Chanak Affair -1922 :
-1922 Turkish attack Greeka dn win
-Greek and britain being allies britain fights Turkey but was outnumbered Daivid Lbyd Groge British Priminister called on the dominions and colonies.
-william lyon Mackenzie King said No to sending Canadians, in the end British and Turkish settled on a peace bond.
; William Lyon Makenzie king said No to Canadians heloung this affair showed how canada wanted to make it’s own desitions
Hailbut Tready -1923:
Overfishing became a problem for Canada and USA. they agreed on a ready and came up with a solution:
:Britain would usually Co-sign with Britain but king said it wasn’t Britains business what was happening with Canada and America. Britain saw this and made The Hailbut ready, giving Canadians the rights to some independence.
King Byng Crisis-1926
king lost the election in 1926 and asked Governor General Julian Byng to call an election again . But Byng said no. Late he was forced to call an election because king was going to leave. Whatever Byng tried to do to call an election backfired. In the end king won elections
:After this incident lots of talk went around about Canada and Britain that it tore a wedge in their friendship.
Balfour Report - 1926
Canada and Britain did n’t know what their relation was till they had a conference and it ended with the Balfour Report. where Britan should no longer be making decisions for Canada
Statute of Westminster- 1931
This statue represents Canada’s independence from britain.
relief camps
Rumrunner/bootleggers
Relif capms were made for young males in the great depprestion who were struggling fiacically due to unemployment. They were provided with a place to live, food, a uniform, and 20 c a day, crowded living conditions. the young men felt like prisoners and didn’t like it so they went o ottowa to complain. people in ottowa welcomed them and called them “Trekers” The governments didn ‘t like the treakers/ the Rigina RCMP only let 8 of the treakers inside the house of common, reach side refused to listen to the other and became an eldess bickering the leaders then let the treakers revolt. July 1 1935 a big riot broke out RCMP vs Treakers 1 killed and many ingured. The government realized that the camps didn’t work and shut them down.
