History the scramble for africa

Question 1

when was the berlin conference

Answer 1

1884

Question 2

what happened at the berlin conference? and what is this known as?

Answer 2

the Ottoman Empire and 12 European countries divided up most of the African continent between them. This is known as scramble for africa

Question 3

why have historians interpretations of the british colonization of africa changed over time

Answer 3

Historians’ views on British colonization in Africa have changed due to new sources, global political shifts, and changing ideas about race and power. Early views saw it as a “civilizing mission,” while later ones, shaped by post-colonial theory and African perspectives, focused on exploitation, oppression, and the lasting harm of colonial rule.

Question 4

What was the nature of trade between Arab merchants and African kingdoms in the 1200s?

Answer 4

Arab merchants traded gold with powerful African kingdoms.

Question 5

By the 1480s, which European country began to settle along the west coast of Africa?

Answer 5

Portugal.

Question 6

What items did the Portuguese trade for enslaved prisoners of war in the Kingdom of Kongo?

Answer 6

Guns and cloth.

Question 7

What significant trade relationship began by the 1600s?

Answer 7

The transatlantic slave trade.

Question 8

When was the transatlantic slave trade abolished?

Answer 8

In the early 1800s.

Question 9

Up until the 1870s, what areas of Africa did European countries primarily focus on?

Answer 9

Coastal areas.

Question 10

What was the primary goal of European countries along the coast of Africa before the 1870s?

Answer 10

Setting up trading relationships and small bases.

Question 11

What percentage of the African continent was controlled by European countries by the 1870s?

Answer 11

10 percent.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: By the 1480s, the Portuguese traded guns and cloth in exchange for _______.

Answer 12

[enslaved prisoners of war].

Question 13

True or False: The relationship between Europe and Africa began in the 1200s.

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

Which country controlled Angola?

Answer 14

Portugal

Question 15

Which country controlled Mozambique?

Answer 15

Portugal

Question 16

Which country controlled Cape Colony?

Answer 16

Britain

Question 17

Which country controlled Algeria?

Answer 17

France

Question 18

Why were European countries rushing to gain control of Africa?

Answer 18

To access natural resources and maintain power and wealth.

Question 19

What challenges did European explorers face when trying to travel further inland in Africa?

Answer 19

• Tropical diseases
• Indigenous people
• Getting lost and running out of resources

Question 20

Who set up the International African Association in 1876?

Answer 20

King Leopold II of Belgium

Question 21

What did the International African Association research?

Answer 21

Inland Africa

Question 22

What did explorers discover about Africa that attracted European countries?

Answer 22

An abundance of natural resources

Question 23

List some natural resources found in Africa.

Answer 23

• Gold
• Rubber
• Diamonds
• Palm oil
• Copper

Question 24

Fill in the blank: King Leopold II’s research led to European countries rushing to gain control of _______.

Answer 24

huge parts of land

Question 25

how was colonisation interpreted during decolonization

Answer 25

During decolonization, colonization was interpreted as a period of exploitation, cultural suppression, and racial inequality.

Question 26

What percentage of the African continent was controlled by European countries in the 1870s?

Answer 26

10 per cent

Question 27

By what year had European control over Africa increased to 90 per cent?

Answer 27

1914

Question 28

Which African countries were not under European control by 1914?

Answer 28

Ethiopia and Liberia

Question 29

True or False: Italy briefly occupied Ethiopia in 1936.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What significant event do some historians refer to as the second stage in the British Empire?

Answer 30

The period after the Berlin Conference

Question 31

How many new colonies did Britain gain after the Berlin Conference?

Answer 31

20 new colonies

Question 32

Name three modern-day countries colonised by Britain after the 'Scramble for Africa'.

Answer 32

* Kenya * Uganda * Zimbabwe

Question 33

What happened to Germany's colonies after its defeat in World War One?

Answer 33

Germany was forced to give up its colonies

Question 34

As a result of World War One, which country gained some of Germany's former colonies?

Answer 34

Britain

Question 35

Fill in the blank: By 1914, Ethiopia and _______ were the only African countries not under European control.

Answer 35

Liberia

Question 36

What was the impact of the Berlin Conference on British colonial power?

Answer 36

It increased Britain's strength and influence in Africa

Question 37

List two other countries colonised by Britain after the 'Scramble for Africa'.

Answer 37

* Botswana * Malawi

Question 38

Why is it called a 'scramble'?

Answer 38

Because European nations raced to capture territory to expand their empires. ## Footnote This reflects the urgency and competitive dynamics among the powers.

Question 39

What significant system influenced European nations to seek new territories during the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 39

The factory system.

Question 40

What belief contributed to European interactions with indigenous peoples during the 19th century?

Answer 40

Racial superiority.

Question 41

Who were often accompanying early explorers to the African interior?

Answer 41

Christian missionaries.

Question 42

What key feature of European imperialism in Africa was promoted by missionaries?

Answer 42

The spread of Christianity.

Question 43

What invention significantly aided European powers in their conquest of Africa?

Answer 43

The steam engine.

Question 44

What was the most significant European technological advantage during the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 44

The Maxim gun.

Question 45

What role did nationalism play in the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 45

It motivated European nations to expand their empires.

Question 46

Who called for the Berlin Conference?

Answer 46

German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

Question 47

What was one negative consequence of the Berlin Conference for African societies?

Answer 47

It forced African groups together that had a history of conflict.

Question 48

What valuable resources were found in the Congo?

Answer 48

* Rubber * Ivory * Copper

Question 49

What was the British interest in Egypt primarily linked to?

Answer 49

Control of the Suez Canal.

Question 50

What year did British control over Egypt begin?

Answer 50

1882.

Question 51

What was the first permanent settlement in South Africa established by?

Answer 51

The Dutch East India Company.

Question 52

What were some impacts of the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 52

Positive and negative outcomes for the people of Europe and Africa.