History TP

Question 1

What are my 4 themes

Answer 1

• Women, Home, Family
• Women and Education
• Minorities: Physically and Mentally Disabled
• Minorities: Jews

Question 2

Evidence topics for Women, Home, Family (3)

Answer 2

• Nazi Marriage Incentives
• Pronatalist policies
• Celebrated Motherhood

Question 3

Stats for Nazi Marriage Incentives (2)

Answer 3

• Marriage loan of 1/5 annual salary given to married couples if women quit their job
• Women no need to repay loans after 4th child/amount repaid waived

Question 4

Stats for Pronatalist Policies (4)

Answer 4

• Closed down birth control centres/sexual counselling centres
• (IN 1938) divorce laws changed to allow divorce on grounds of childlessness/reduce “useless” marriages where no child is produced
• (IN 1941) production and distribution of contraceptives banned
• (IN 1943) anyone who carried out abortions to be executed

Question 5

Stats for Celebrating Motherhood (8)

Answer 5

• Mother’s Day made into official holiday
• women attained (Honour Cross) for achievements in Childbirth
• Gold: 8 Children
• Silver: 6 Children
• Bronze: 4 Children
• Honour Cross Women were saluted
• received extra ration cards
• right to jump queues in shops

Question 6

Explanation+proof that Women, Home, Family policies succeeded (5)

Answer 6

• policies directed towards encouraging women to marry, reproduce, and reduced ways for women to prevent having children
• 1933 fertility rate 1.58 –> 1939 fertility rate = 2.39
• 1932 total marriages = 516800 –> 1934 total marriages = 740200
• 3 million women awarded honour cross
• abortion fell: 1932 had 35000–>1935 onward had 10000

Question 7

Critical Analysis to Women, Home, Family (4)

Answer 7

• 1914 fertility rate = 3.27
• low fertility rate in 1933 due to Great Depression
• recovering fertility rate from 1933 to 1939 due to economic recovery

HOWEVER
- under Weimar: fertility rate decreased to 1.93 in 1929

Question 8

Evidence Topics for Women and Education (2)

Answer 8

• university restrictions
• BDM girls group

Question 9

Stats for University Restrictions (4)

Answer 9

• women not taught latin–>preventing them from going university
• not given option to study science/math
• can only study (nursing, social work, household management, childcare)
• 1933: 10% university quota on women

Question 10

Stats for BDM (5)

Answer 10

• healthy athleticism promoted
• prepared them for housewife maternity roles
• promoted nazi ideology
• encouraged childbirth
• supported war by sending care packages, letters, entertainment to soldiers

Question 11

Explanation+Proof that Women and Education succeeded (3)

Answer 11

• To decrease women in high education jobs and make them take on household roles
• female university students: 1932 had 18000–>1939 had less than 6000
• compulsory enrollment of BDM by 1936, 100% secondary school girls were members by 1940

Question 12

Critical analysis of Women and Education (3)

Answer 12

• BDM interview after war by Dagmar Reese did not recall conscious ideological inculcation
• members became promiscuous + suffered high incidences of venereal disease (emphasis on body and procreation sexualised)
• BDM nicknamed “League of German Mattresses”
• Nazi Changed university quotas to 50% due to war demanding highly educated fields e.g nursing, medical, social work
• Weimar: emphasised right to education, compulsory education laws up to primary sch
• by late 1920s, 10% female university students in fields e.g law, medicine

Question 13

Stats for Women and Work (6)

Answer 13

• Nazis convince women to give up jobs
• targetted women of high status/pay
• female doctors not allowed to practice
• single women doctors had their subsidy withdrawn
• dismissed large numbers of female teachers—>teacher shortage
• females not allowed to serve in Judiciary or Juries (not capable of logical and objective reasoning)

Question 14

Explanation + proof that women and work succeeded (2)

Answer 14

• Made restrictions on women to dissuade them from working
• percentage of women working fell: 1932 (37%)—>1937 (31%)

Question 15

Critical Analysis of Women and Work

Answer 15

• Nazis forced to change policy
• propagated new image of heroic woman in wartime, self-sacrificing and able to take on man’s work
• by 1944, 51% of all women were working
• EVEN THOUGH WEIMAR: most were in low paying jobs e.g cashier, waitress due to WWI, still better than being banned from high education jobs