history unit 2- The axis advance Flashcards

Question

How did Japanese actions contribute to their capture of Singapore?

Answer 1

Used control over skies to do aerial reconnaissance so they were able to see where the main army was so they could attack at their weakpoints with main army and place a small diversionary force where they were expecting itWith complete control over the skies of Singapore and their artillery and tanks advancing further inland the Japanese relentlessly shelled the British and Commonwealth defences. With losses mounting and the British and Commonwealth defences crumbling under the Japanese offensives, Percival ordered all troops to withdraw to the city of Singapore. The withdrawal of troops gave the Japanese control of the high ground that overlooked the city, the only fresh water supply station on the island and the British supply depot. By the 12th February, the entire city was in range of the Japanese artillery and the Japanese were relentless with their bombardment able to steal and push the british army to the point that they had basically no resources

Answer 2

the Japanese attacked the north east section as he predicted but his troops also predicted they would also attack the north west section the one not defended well and tried defending it however Percival the dumb fuckin general that he is decided to stop them from defending that area and furthermore take their supplies to defend a different area causing it to be taken by the Japanese's main invasion in that territory With losses mounting and the British and Commonwealth defenses crumbling under the Japanese offensives, Percival ordered all troops to withdraw to the city of Singapore. The withdrawal of troops gave the Japanese control of the high ground that overlooked the city, the only fresh water supply station on the island and the British supply depot.(He gave the Japanese their water which they shuts off immediately, the high ground and British supplies) he threw the game no only that he didn't capitalize he fact his troops outnumbered the Japanese 2 to 1and in that last day if they held out even 1 last day, the Japanese probably would've drawn back

Answer 3

he defeat also resulted in a breakdown of the relationship between the British and Australian governments. * The Australian government felt that the British placed unfair blame on Australian soldiers (after the British's defeat an investigation was launched into this battle and why they lost and they pinned 100% on the Australians and did not take responsibility for the fall of Singapore.) * They also felt that the British were now incapable of protecting Australia This breakdown had started before the fall of Singapore but the defeat in February 1942 proved to be the final straw for the Australians. * This proved somewhat correct as only 4 days later Darwin was bombed by the Japanese as Australia was now targeted and as a result America became Australia's main ally

Answer 4

It was the base of Russia’s Baltic Fleet and had more than 600 factories. * Leningrad’s defences had been strengthened prior to the German Army reaching the city and fighting outside the city descended into attritional trench warfare. * Hitler changed strategy at this point and decided that rather than taking control of the city, the plan was to destroy it and wipe out its population. * “The Fuhrer(Hitler) has decided to erase the city of Petersburg from the face of the earth. It is intended to encircle the city and level it to the ground by means of artillery bombardment using every calibre of shell, and continual bombing from the air.” (Memorandum to Army Group North= to basically annihilate starve show them true despiar make them wish for surrender then annihilate them they also didnt want to feed 2.5 million people

Answer 5

tried to act normal as if their wasnt siege however they were unprepared for what was in store By November, civilian rations had dropped to 250g of bread a day for workers and 125g a day for children, the elderly and the unemployed. * During the winter of 1941-42, 100,000 people were dying per month from starvation. * People ate whatever they could get a hold of including wallpaper glue, petroleum jelly, pigeons and their pets. * Theft and murder were a constant threat and the authorities arrested over 2000 people for cannibalism. * After barely surviving the winter of 1941-42, the Soviets managed to create a land bridge across the frozen Lake Ladoga that could be used to supply the city. * The city managed to survive until a Soviet offensive broke through the German lines. * By the end of the siege, which lasted almost 900 days, an estimated 800,000 civilians had died. * This figure was nearly as many as all WWII deaths for the UK and USA combined, they were eventually given 3x under the amount of food of starving level and forced to work 8hr shifts with no firewood no windows meaning everything froze the streets were litered with corpses people kidnapped and ate children because they were"more tender" horrifying cold hell

Answer 6

Japanese culture held the strong belief that surrender, or defeat, (bushido code)brought shame upon your family and your nation. * This led to the belief those who surrender were weak. * The view was that it was best to die fighting to bring honour to your family and nation. This view contributed heavily to the brutal nature in which the Japanese behaved throughout WWII and it lead to brutal treatment of POWs

Answer 7

It was the main Japanese POW camp which was made up British military barracks + the civilian prison * The condition were overcrowded e.g. prison was built to accommodate 1500 but it housed 11,700 by end of the war * After Fall of Singapore POWs order to march to Changi ~29km * Men took whatever they could carry with them including food, clothing, bedding * Main diet= hard biscuit w/ beef spread or hard biscuit w/ veg spread + rice * From Changi men could be sent to all parts of empire to do forced labour camps= Taiwan, Manchuria, Burma, Japan * → dangerous journey as US submarines sunk any Japanese cargo ships and there are 3 instances of ships sunk by subs → 1700 POWs killed * In Singapore the men did heavy labour eg. Loading docks, building roads + repairing docks * 1943: conditions ↓ * Rations cut= about half the recommended daily intake/ no work= no food * Medical supplies ↓ * Increase in disease * Most Aus sent to other labour camps

Answer 8

The allies treated the axis Pows well following the 1929 Geneva convention which ensured far traetment for POWS as well as the germans and italians and japanese, however the japnese NEVER honured this and frequently commited atrocities such as After Pearl Harbour, Japanese brutality increased as they occupied more countries in Pacific. * Hong Kong Dec 1941: * St. Stephen’s College Hospital – over 100 wounded solders and nurses were murdered by Japanese soldiers. * Singapore Feb 1942: * Alexandra Hospital – As many as 300 patients, nurses and doctors were brutally slain by the Japanese soldiers. * Between February and March 1942, as many as 100,000 Chinese minorities were killed in the city. * These attacks all took place against troops or civilians who had surrendered to the Japanese forces. to POWS and civilians as well as Throughout the war the Japanese captured over 180,000 POWs. * Death rate as a Japanese POW was 27%. In comparison deaths of Allied POWs under the other Axis powers was 3.6%. * American POWs were treated particularly brutally by the Japanese. About 40% of American POWs would die in Japanese captivity. * The Japanese predominantly used their prisoners as forced labour. * POWs are allowed to be used as labour but they need to be treated fairly and their health needs to be maintained. * Unsurprisingly, forced labour under Japanese occupation did not respect these rules. Prisoners were treated brutally by their guards and were given inadequate food and medical provisions because they saw surrender as dishonorable and better to die rather than be captured for your country

history unit 2- The axis advance Flashcards

(32 cards)