History Vocab Q4

Question 1

Allied Powers WW1

Answer 1

France, Great Britain, russia

Question 2

Central powers WW1

Answer 2

Germany, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary

Question 3

Trench warfare

Answer 3

A type of battle where soldiers dig trenches and live and take cover in them. The middle ground is called no man’s land

Question 4

total war

Answer 4

unrestricted war in weaponry and fighting tactics, especially a war in which war laws are bypassed

Question 5

no man’s land

Answer 5

the space between trenches in trench warfare

Question 6

western front

Answer 6

The “Western Front” refers to the main theater of World War I, a 400-mile line of trenches stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss border where Allied forces faced off against the Central Powers, primarily Germany. It’s known for its brutal trench warfare and a prolonged stalemate

Question 7

lusitania

Answer 7

The RMS Lusitania, a British ocean liner, was torpedoed and sunk by a German U-boat on May 7, 1915, off the coast of Ireland, resulting in the deaths of over 1,100 people, including 128 Americans, and sparking international outrage and contributing to the United States’ entry into World War I.

Question 8

Zimmermann telegram

Answer 8

The Zimmermann Telegram was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico if the United States entered World War I against Germany

Question 9

propanganda

Answer 9

information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

Question 10

conscription

Answer 10

compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces.

Question 11

munitionettes

Answer 11

refers to the British women who worked in munitions factories during World War I, filling vital roles in the war effort by producing weapons and ammunition.

Question 12

women’s battalion of death

Answer 12

were all-female combat units formed after the February Revolution by the Russian Provisional Government, in a last-ditch effort to inspire the mass of war-weary soldiers to continue fighting in World War I.

Question 13

armenian genocide

Answer 13

The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress

Question 14

Paul von hindenburg

Answer 14

Paul von Hindenburg, a Prussian-German field marshal and politician, is known for his role as a World War I hero, his presidency of the Weimar Republic, and his controversial decision to appoint Adolf Hitler as Chancellor, which paved the way for the Nazi regime.

Question 15

treaty of versailles

Answer 15

formally ended World War I and imposed harsh terms on Germany, including territorial losses, demilitarization, and reparations, while also establishing the League of Nations.

Question 16

reparations

Answer 16

the making of amends for a wrong one has done, by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged.

Question 17

war guilt clause

Answer 17

forced Germany to accept full responsibility for World War I and its consequences, including financial reparations, territorial losses, and military limitations

Question 18

Wilsons 14 points

Answer 18

The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson.

Question 19

balfour declaration

Answer 19

The Balfour Declaration, a 1917 statement by the British government, expressed support for the establishment of a “national home for the Jewish people” in Palestine, a region then under Ottoman rule.

Question 20

Rasputin

Answer 20

Grigori Rasputin was a Russian peasant-turned-mystic who gained significant influence over the royal family of Russia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He gained prominence through his alleged healing abilities, particularly in relation to the hemophiliac son of Tsar Nicholas II, Alexei.

Question 21

tsar Nicholas II

Answer 21

Tsar Nicholas II is primarily known as the last emperor of Russia, reigning from 1894 to 1917. He is also infamous for his poor handling of the Bloody Sunday incident, the Russo-Japanese War, and his reign during World War I, all of which contributed to the Russian Revolution and his ultimate abdication and execution.

Question 22

vladimir lenin

Answer 22

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until his death in 1924, and of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death.

Question 23

bolshevik

Answer 23

communist political party led by Vladimir Lenin that led the second Russian revolution

Question 24

soviet

Answer 24

held more power than the provisional government, groups or councils controlling their cities

Question 25

Joseph stalin

Answer 25

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1922 to 1952 and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1941 until his death.

Question 26

totalitarianism

Answer 26

a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state

Question 27

fascism

Answer 27

Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition

Question 28

hitler

Answer 28

Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934

Question 29

appeasement

Answer 29

the diplomatic policy of Britain and France in the 1930s, where they made concessions to Germany to avoid war

Question 30

antisemitism

Answer 30

hostility to or prejudice against Jewish people.

Question 31

kristallnacht

Answer 31

Kristallnacht or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom, was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's Sturmabteilung and Schutzstaffel paramilitary forces along with some participation from the Hitler Youth and German civilians throughout Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938.

Question 32

hideki tojo

Answer 32

Hideki Tojo was a Japanese general and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1941 to 1944 during the Second World War. His leadership was marked by widespread state violence and mass killings perpetrated in the name of Japanese nationalism

Question 33

mukden incident

Answer 33

The Mukden Incident, also known as the Manchurian Incident, was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel in 1931 as a pretext for the invasion of Manchuria. A small explosion on the South Manchuria Railway near Mukden was used to falsely accuse Chinese forces, leading to the Japanese Kwantung Army's invasion and subsequent occupation of Manchuria.

Question 34

emperor Hirohito

Answer 34

Hirohito, posthumously honored as Emperor Shōwa, was the 124th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, from 25 December 1926 until his death in 1989. He remains Japan's longest-reigning emperor as well as one of the world's longest-reigning monarchs

Question 35

gandhi

Answer 35

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule. He inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.

Question 36

Chinese communist party

Answer 36

The Chinese Communist Party, officially the Communist Party of China, is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China.

Question 37

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Answer 37

a Turkish field marshal and revolutionary statesman who was the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first president from 1923 until his death in 1938. He undertook sweeping reforms, which modernized Turkey into a secular, industrializing nation

Question 38

emiliano zapata

Answer 38

A Mexican revolutionary. He was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution of 1910–1920, the main leader of the people's revolution in the Mexican state of Morelos, and the inspiration of the agrarian movement called Zapatismo

Question 39

non-aggression pact

Answer 39

a treaty between two or more countries promising not to attack or invade each other (hitler and Stalin)

Question 40

blitzkrieg

Answer 40

a military tactic characterized by swift, concentrated attacks utilizing armored vehicles, air raids, and infantry to overwhelm an enemy from all sides

Question 41

allied powers

Answer 41

United States, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and China

Question 42

axis powers

Answer 42

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Question 43

dunkirk

Answer 43

Operation Dynamo, the evacuation from Dunkirk, involved the rescue of more than 338,000 British and French soldiers from the French port of Dunkirk between 26 May and 4 June 1940

Question 44

Alan turing

Answer 44

Alan Mathison Turing was a British mathematician and logician who laid the groundwork for artificial intelligence and modern computer science. He was a key figure in breaking Nazi codes during World War II.

Question 45

Franklin delano roosevelt

Answer 45

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving U.S. president, and the only one to have served more than two terms.

Question 46

dunkirk

Answer 46

saving at Dunkirk of French and British soldiers through the chanel

Question 47

Alan turing

Answer 47

credited as one of the first inventors of the computer and hacked the German system

Question 48

Franklin delano roosevelt

Answer 48

only president to serve more than two terms and led during WWII

Question 49

V-E day

Answer 49

Victory in Europe Day is the day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on Tuesday, 8 May 1945; it marked the official surrender of all German military operations

Question 50

Manhattan project

Answer 50

The Manhattan Project was an unprecedented, top-secret World War II government program in which the United States rushed to develop and deploy the world's first atomic weapons before Nazi Germany.

Question 51

United Nations

Answer 51

The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that aims to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among states, promote international cooperation, and serve as a centre for coordinating global action