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History WW1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who established the Fascist Party in Italy?

A

Benito Mussolini

Established in 1921.

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2
Q

What event is associated with Benito Mussolini leading 30,000 followers?

A

March on Rome

Occurred in October 1922.

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3
Q

What title was Benito Mussolini known by?

A

Il Duce

Meaning ‘the Leader’.

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4
Q

What significant military action did Mussolini take in May 1936?

A

Captured Ethiopia

This was part of his efforts to restore Italy as a world power.

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5
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of Japan during World War II?

A

Hideki Tojo

By 1940, he was also the Army Minister.

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6
Q

What happened to Hideki Tojo after the war?

A

He was forced to resign

Attempted suicide but was saved by American forces.

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7
Q

What political party did Adolf Hitler lead?

A

Nazi Party

Became the largest party by 1930.

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8
Q

What act did Hitler install to turn Germany into a dictatorship?

A

Enabling Act

Allowed him to rule by decree.

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9
Q

When was Adolf Hitler born?

A

April 20, 1889

Born in Braunau, Austria.

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10
Q

What was Joseph Stalin known for in the 20th century?

A

One of the greatest villains

Responsible for millions of deaths.

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11
Q

What was Stalin’s original name?

A

Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili

Changed his name to Stalin.

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12
Q

What significant event did Stalin’s rise to power follow?

A

Russian Revolution

Took place in 1917.

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13
Q

What was Adolf Hitler’s goal regarding Jews?

A

To eliminate all the Jews

This was a central aspect of Nazi ideology.

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14
Q

What year did Hitler run for president but lose?

A

1932

Lost to Paul von Hindenburg.

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15
Q

What pact did Hitler and Stalin sign?

A

Non-Aggression Pact

This pact was a treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, ensuring that the two nations would not attack each other.

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16
Q

When did Germany invade Poland?

A

September 1, 1939

This invasion marked the beginning of World War II.

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17
Q

What was the response of Great Britain and France to the invasion of Poland?

A

They declared war on the Axis Powers

This declaration ended the policy of appeasement towards Germany.

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18
Q

What act did the USA implement to support allies before entering the war?

A

Lend-Lease Act

This act allowed the USA to supply military aid to foreign nations during World War II.

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19
Q

What did the USA become known as during this period?

A

The Arsenal for Democracy

This term reflects America’s role in supplying weapons and support to Allied nations.

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20
Q

What significant event occurred in Paris, France, in 1940?

A

Paris falls to the Axis Powers

This event marked a major victory for Germany in the early stages of World War II.

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21
Q

What was Hitler’s next target after France?

A

Great Britain

This led to the Battle of Britain, where Germany aimed to gain air superiority.

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22
Q

What happened during the Battle of Britain?

A

Hitler bombed London day and night

The battle lasted from July to October 1940.

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23
Q

Who did Hitler turn on after focusing on Great Britain?

A

Stalin and the Soviet Union

This led to the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941.

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24
Q

List the Axis Powers.

A
  • Germany - Hitler
  • Italy - Mussolini
  • Japan - Tojo

These nations formed the primary opposition against the Allies in World War II.

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25
List the Allied Powers.
* Great Britain - Winston Churchill * France - (fell to Axis) * Soviet Union - Stalin ## Footnote These nations fought against the Axis Powers during World War II.
26
How did the USA inadvertently help set up their next enemy?
By aiding the USSR, they provided access to technology ## Footnote This support during the war contributed to the post-war tensions that led to the Cold War.
27
What event brought the USA into World War II?
Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor ## Footnote This attack occurred on December 7, 1941, prompting the USA to enter the war.
28
Who did FDR believe needed to be dealt with first after the attack on Pearl Harbor?
Germany ## Footnote FDR prioritized defeating Nazi Germany before addressing the conflict in the Pacific.
29
Who is placed in charge of all Allied Forces in Europe?
Dwight D. Eisenhower ## Footnote Eisenhower was the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force during World War II.
30
What was Operation Torch?
Allied invasion in North Africa; aimed to stop German General Erwin Rommel from accessing rich oil countries ## Footnote This operation marked the first major Allied offensive in the European theater.
31
What was Operation Husky?
Allied invasion of Italy; aimed to retake Europe from Axis powers ## Footnote This operation involved significant military actions and was crucial for the Allied strategy.
32
What was Operation Overlord?
D-Day, June 6, 1944; largest amphibious landing in history on the northern coast of France at Normandy ## Footnote This operation was pivotal in establishing a foothold in Europe.
33
What was the significance of the Battle of the Bulge?
It was the last major German offensive on the Western Front; aimed to split the Allies ## Footnote The battle resulted in heavy casualties but ultimately failed to achieve its objectives.
34
What happened at the Yalta Conference?
Stalin received concessions from Churchill and FDR ## Footnote The conference was held in February 1945 to discuss the post-war reorganization of Europe.
35
What important event occurred on April 12, 1945?
Franklin D. Roosevelt died in Warm Springs, Georgia; Harry Truman became President ## Footnote This event marked a significant leadership change during the final stages of World War II.
36
What happened on April 30, 1945?
Hitler committed suicide ## Footnote This act signaled the imminent end of the Third Reich.
37
What is VE Day?
Victory over Europe Day, celebrated on May 8, 1945 ## Footnote This day marks the formal acceptance of the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany.
38
What approach did the Allies choose towards Germany after the war?
Rebuild Germany instead of punishing them ## Footnote This decision was aimed at preventing future conflicts and stabilizing Europe.
39
What event occurred in April 1942 involving the Philippines?
US possession falls to the Japanese ## Footnote General Douglas MacArthur is ordered to evacuate, famously stating, 'I shall return.'
40
What was the Bataan Death March?
A brutal forced march of American and Filipino prisoners by Japanese forces ## Footnote This march led to significant suffering and loss of life.
41
What naval battle in 1942 was characterized by ships engaging each other without seeing land?
Battle of Coral Sea ## Footnote This battle marked a significant shift in naval warfare.
42
What was the significance of the Battle of Midway?
It was a turning point in the Pacific War where the US defeated Japan, sinking four of their aircraft carriers ## Footnote This victory shifted the balance of power in the Pacific.
43
What was the outcome of the Battle of Guadalcanal?
The US defeated the Japanese, allowing them to go on the offensive ## Footnote This battle was crucial for the US strategy of island hopping.
44
What strategy did the US employ to reclaim territories in the Pacific?
Island Hopping ## Footnote This strategy involved capturing smaller islands to establish bases closer to Japan.
45
What was the significance of the Leyte Gulf?
It was part of the campaign to take back the Philippines ## Footnote This battle helped establish US dominance in the region.
46
What iconic image is associated with the Battle of Iwo Jima?
The flag-raising photo ## Footnote This image symbolizes the bravery of US Marines during World War II.
47
What is propaganda?
A way of spreading ideas and influencing people.
48
How was propaganda used during World War II?
Both the Allies and the Axis used propaganda to shape public opinion.
49
What mediums were used for propaganda in World War II?
Songs, radio shows, and mostly posters.
50
Which country outproduced both Germany and Japan during World War II?
The United States.
51
What was the significance of Liberty ships during the war?
They were produced rapidly, with one ship made in 17 days.
52
Who was Rosie the Riveter?
An imaginary figure representing all women working in factories during the war.
53
What does WACS stand for?
Women's Army Corps.
54
What does WAVES stand for?
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (Navy).
55
What were victory gardens?
Gardens planted by Americans to help feed themselves during the war.
56
How many Americans started victory gardens?
20 million.
57
What were ration books used for?
To ration food and other supplies during the war.
58
What was the purpose of scrap drives?
To collect steel and other materials needed for war production.
59
What were war bonds?
Loans to the government sold to finance the war.
60
Fill in the blank: Every little bit helps, including _______.
batteries, buckets, bicycle tires, old shovels, kitchen fat.
61
What was the role of American manufacturers during World War II?
They significantly increased production to support the war effort.
62
What was a notable change in ship production during World War II?
The time to build a ship decreased from one year to 17 days.
63
True or False: Propaganda was only used in the form of posters during World War II.
False.

History (3 decks)

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