History WW2 Effects Flashcards
(40 cards)
What were ‘enemy aliens’ during World War II in Australia?
‘Enemy aliens’ were individuals classified as such, primarily German, Italian, and Japanese residents, who were interned by the Australian government due to fears of espionage and disloyalty.
Many of these individuals had lived in Australia for years and had no real ties to enemy governments.
What legislation allowed the Australian government to intern ‘enemy aliens’?
The National Security Act 1939 granted the Australian government powers to intern individuals classified as ‘enemy aliens’.
This included those of German, Italian, and Japanese descent.
How many individuals were interned in Australia at the peak of internment during World War II?
Over 12,000 people were detained at the peak of internment in 1941.
This peak occurred after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.
What psychological impacts did internment have on families of ‘enemy aliens’?
Internment led to feelings of alienation, stigmatization, economic ruin, and difficulties in reintegration into society post-war.
Many faced discrimination and struggled to rebuild their lives.
What was the main reason for the internment of ‘enemy aliens’?
The internment was primarily driven by national security fears and racial prejudices against non-British migrants.
Wartime propaganda depicted these groups as potential internal threats.
What roles did Australian women take on during World War II?
Women took on roles in industries, essential services, and military non-combat positions, proving their capabilities in various sectors.
Over 80,000 women served in the military.
What significant contributions did Indigenous Australians make during World War II?
Indigenous Australians served in various military and civilian roles, including combat and support roles, despite initial recruitment restrictions.
Some Indigenous Australians became officers and pilots.
What challenges did Indigenous veterans face after World War II?
Indigenous veterans faced discrimination, exclusion from veterans’ organizations, and denial of benefits despite their service.
They were often treated as second-class citizens.
How did World War II change the perception of women’s roles in Australia?
The war challenged long-standing gender norms and laid the foundation for future advancements in gender equality, despite post-war pressures to return to domestic roles.
Women proved their capability in various roles traditionally held by men.
What was the impact of wartime service on Indigenous Australians’ activism for civil rights?
Wartime service contributed to a growing sense of identity and empowerment, fueling future activism for civil rights and recognition.
Indigenous veterans pushed for better treatment and equal rights after the war.
What was the long-term legacy of the internment of ‘enemy aliens’ in Australia?
The internment had profound and lasting effects on individuals, causing economic and social upheaval, and serves as a reminder of the complexities of wartime decision-making.
It highlights the balance between security and civil liberties during crises.
Fill in the blank: The internment of ‘enemy aliens’ reinforced Australia’s strict ______ policies.
immigration
This led to discriminatory practices against non-British migrants.
True or False: Women in World War II were paid the same as men for the same work.
False
Women were paid, on average, just over half of what men earned for the same work.
What was the result of the 1967 referendum for Indigenous Australians?
The referendum led to the legal recognition of Indigenous Australians as citizens and allowed the federal government to legislate on their behalf.
It was a significant step towards equality.
What contributions did Indigenous women make during World War II?
Indigenous women joined auxiliary services and performed crucial roles in clerical work, healthcare, and support functions.
They also managed family responsibilities on the home front.
What were the post-war expectations for women in Australia?
Women faced pressure to return to traditional domestic roles as men returned from military service, leading to job dismissals and societal expectations.
Many women fought to retain their independence and jobs.
Fill in the blank: The military service of Indigenous Australians extended to non-combat roles including ______ corps.
labor
These roles were vital to the war effort.
What was a significant chapter in Australia’s history related to Indigenous Australians during World War II?
The participation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in World War II.
What symbolized the resilience and fight for equality of Indigenous Australians during the war?
Indigenous Australians’ wartime service.
What ongoing battle are the rights of Indigenous Australians a part of?
A long and ongoing battle for justice and equality.
What were the conditions faced by Australian POWs captured by Japanese forces?
Horrendous treatment, including forced labor, starvation, beatings, and executions.
What was the survival rate in Japanese POW camps during World War II?
Devastatingly low, especially for those working on the Burma-Thailand Railway.
What infamous event involved 2,500 prisoners forced to march in Borneo?
The Sandakan Death Marches.
What psychological impact did the conditions in POW camps have on survivors?
Many developed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
