History Y08 Spr1

Question 1

1.1 Transatlantic slave economy

Answer 1

The trade between Europe, West Africa and the Americas.

Question 2

1.2 John Hawkins

Answer 2

The first Englishman known to be involved in the trade in enslaved Africans starting in 1562.

Question 3

1.3 sugar

Answer 3

Sugar was hard work to harvest, so Britain used enslaved Africans to harvest it.

Question 4

1.4 the Dutch

Answer 4

The Dutch were using enslaved Africans to harvest the sugarcane. Britain soon did the same.

Question 5

2.1 Dido Elizabeth Belle

Answer 5

The illegitimate daughter of a Navy officer. She grew up in Lord Mansfield’s household where she as accepted as his daughter.

Question 6

2.2 James Emidy

Answer 6

He was originally enslaved, but once freed became a well-known violinist and teacher.

Question 7

2.3 enslaved Africans in Britain

Answer 7

Those who were enslaved were brought across from the trade in Africa as enslaved attendants of sea captains, traders, military people and others who worked in the Empire. There is little information about these people.

Question 8

2.4 Charles Sancho

Answer 8

He was a writer, composer, shopkeeper and abolitionist. He was the first person of African descent to vote in a British general election.

Question 9

3.1 urban migration

Answer 9

As more jobs were created in factories, more people left their homes in rural areas to move into growing cities such as London, Manchester, and Sheffield.

Question 10

3.2 population

Answer 10

In 1750 the population of Great Britain was 11 million. In 1850, this rose to 40 million with London reaching a population of 3 million.

Question 11

3.3 transportation

Answer 11

In 1750 it took 12 days to get from London to Edinburgh. By 1850, after the invention of the train, the journey was reduced to 9 hours.

Question 12

3.4 living conditions

Answer 12

As more people moved to the cities, living conditions became more cramped. Working Class people were living in back to back housing with 8 - 10 people sharing a room.

Question 13

3.5 work

Answer 13

More people began to work in factories, where conditions were brutal.

Question 14

4.1 Edward Jenner

Answer 14

Invented a vaccination to prevent smallpox.

Question 15

4.2 Richard Arkwright

Answer 15

Invented a machine to produce cloth quicker, leading to the growth in Britain’s cloth industry.

Question 16

4.3 Alexander Bell

Answer 16

Invented and patented the first telephone.

Question 17

4.4 James Watts

Answer 17

Improved the steam engine design to make it more efficient.

Question 18

4.5 Samuel Morse

Answer 18

Invented a new form of communication to be used over long distances known as Morse Code.

Question 19

5.1 Renaissance

Answer 19

A cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” (improvement)
Renaissance ideas had a huge impact on the development and work of artists.

Question 20

5.2 Age of Faith

Answer 20

A period of time where much of life is based on religion

The Renaissance was known by some as an Age of Faith

Question 21

5.3 Age of Reason

Answer 21

A period of time where there was an increase in questioning about life, art and religion.
Whilst being an Age of Faith, the Renaissance also moved to an Age of Reason

Question 22

5.4 Cultural

Answer 22

Relating to ideas, customs and social behaviour.

There were many cultural changes in England between 1500-1700.

Question 23

5.5 Political

Answer 23

Relating to government and the running of the country.

A political change of the period was in how the relationship between the monarchy and parliament

Question 24

5.6 Economic

Answer 24

Relation to production, distribution, money, income or wealth.
Economic problems meant that there was not enough money to spend on the rebuilding plans for London.

Question 25

5.7 Empire

Answer 25

One country that rules over a number of other countries/region.
The British Empire grew to become the largest empire the world has ever seen.

Question 26

5.8 Colonies

Answer 26

Countries/regions under the control, or influence, of a more powerful country.
The early English colonies in America were set up in the early seventeenth century.

Question 27

5.9 Imperialism

Answer 27

Thinking you are greater than others and having the right to rule over others.
British imperialism led to the British Empire expanding to control areas all over the world.

Question 28

5.1 Nationalism

Answer 28

Thinking your country is better than others.

The growth of nationalism among Americans led to them resisting British rule and control.

Question 29

5.11 Abolitionism

Answer 29

A movement to end slavery

There were many people who believed in abolitionism.

Question 30

5.12 Enslaved

Answer 30

Made into a slave

Millions of people were enslaved in Africa and sold to European traders.

Question 31

5.13 Urban migration

Answer 31

People moving from the countryside to cities.

The industrial period saw an increase in urban migration.

Question 32

5.14 Industrialisation

Answer 32

The growth in factories across a country.

Industrialisation in Britain saw more people move to cities to work in factories.

Question 33

5.15 Working Class

Answer 33

Poorer people in the UK.
Many of the working class in Britain worked in factories.

Question 34

5.16 Public health

Answer 34

The health of a population.

Before 1850, Britain had poor public health resulting in thousands of people dying.

Question 35

5.17 Petition

Answer 35

A list of signatures supporting changing

The Chartists and Suffragists both organised petitions.

Question 36

5.18 Suffrage

Answer 36

The right to vote

The NUWSS wanted female suffrage.

Question 37

5.19 Enfranchisement

Answer 37

The giving of the right to vote

Women fought for their enfranchisement.