Hitlers Consolidation Of Power Flashcards
(36 cards)
1
Q
The general election 1933
A
- 5th March 1933
- the nazis received 44% of the vote
- this was 288 seats in the reichstag
- this allowed hitler to get the enabling act passed
2
Q
Enabling act
A
- 23rd March 1933
- SA intimidated non-nazi deputies
- the Reichstag agrees that hitler should have the right to make his own laws
3
Q
Hitler taking charge…
A
-14th July 1933- all other political parties are banned
24th April 1934- Hitler sets up the ‘people’s courts’ where judges have to swear an oath of loyalty to the nazis
4
Q
Night of the long knives
A
- 30th June 1934
- SA take over the army because they feel that the nazis should follow their social agenda
- the SS murder 400 SA members including its leader Rohm
- this destroyed all opposition within the nazi party and gave power to the SS
5
Q
19th August 1934
A
- Hindenberg dies
- Hitler makes himself president, chancellor and head of the army
6
Q
Abolishing the trade unions
A
- gives hitler the power to destroy opposition
- Allows Hitler to set up the German Labour Front
- this allows him to control workers
7
Q
Key structures of the nazi state
A
1) government
2) religion
3) culture
4) work
5) education and youth
6) terror
7) propaganda
8
Q
How hitler gained control of…
The government
A
- his consolidation of power gave him complete control
- enabling law
- local government reorganised
- other political parties banned
- hitler became fuhrer
9
Q
How hitler controlled …
Religion
A
- he tried to reduce the power of the church
- non nazi Catholic priests and Protestants were sent to concentration camps
- Jews and Jehovah’s witnesses persecuted
- hitler sets up the ‘reich church’ which Bans the bible and the cross
10
Q
How hitler controlled…
Culture
A
- hitler ordered nazification( the imposition of nazi values on all aspects of German life)
- artists had to produce paintings that portrayed nazi values
- all books written by Jews or communists were burned
- jazz music was banned
- homosexuals were persecuted
11
Q
How hitler controlled…
Work
A
- Robert ley( head of DAF) said he would control workers from the ‘cradle to the grave’
- the RAD( national labour service) sent young men on public works this was made compulsory in 1936
- the DAF( German labour front). Controlled workers conditions at work
- the KDF( strength through joy) movement regulated workers leisure time
12
Q
How hitler controlled…
Education and youth
A
- non-nazi teachers were sacked
- teachers had to join the national socialist teachers league
- textbooks were re-written to include nazi policies and racial ideas
- History was taught to glorify Germany
- girls were taught cookery
- boys were taught science and maths
- hitler youth was compulsory
- the nazi girls youth organisation(BDM) was compulsory
13
Q
How hitler controlled…
Terror
A
- it was unsafe to do or say anything critical of the government
- SS and gestapo investigations
- blockleiters in blocks of flats informed of ‘grumblers’
- nazi people’s courts set up
- concentration camps
14
Q
How hitler controlled…
Propaganda
A
- Joesef goebbels brainwashed people into idolising hitler
- mass rallies at Nuremberg
- people’s radios sold cheaply and broadcasts controlled
- newspapers were censored
- loudspeakers in public places blared out nazi propaganda
- films were controlled to make films the glorified war and pilloried Jews
- cult of personality- hitlers picture was everywhere
15
Q
Women…
The three Ks
A
Kinder( children)
Kuche( kitchen)
Kirche ( church)
Women had to quit their jobs
16
Q
Women…
Children
A
- hitler wanted a high birth rate
- girls were made to keep fit but discouraged from being too slim as this was seen to make childbirth hard
- unmarried women could volunteer to have a baby for an aryan member of the SS
- women with 8 children or more were given a gold medal
17
Q
Women…
Marriage
A
-hitler gave each new married couple a loan of 1,000 marks and they could keep 250 marks for every child they had
18
Q
Women…
Image
A
- no makeup
- trousers
- hair in a bun or plait
- no smoking in public
- no dying hair
- plain clothes
- flat shoes
19
Q
The white Rose group
A
- formed by students at Munich uni
- they published anti nazi leaflets
- they were executed in 1943
20
Q
The reichsbanner
A
- paramilitary wing of the social Democratic Party
- they sabotaged railways and acted as spies
21
Q
Swing groups
A
- Young people who rejected nazi values, drank alcohol and danced to jazz
22
Q
Edelweiss pirates ( who were they)
A
- a violent swing group
- they beat up nazi officials
- in 1944, thy killed the gestapo chief
- as a result twelve of their members were publicly hung
23
Q
What were the kreisau circle
A
- a group o. Intellectuals and army officers who tried to bomb hitler but missed
- in 1944, 5,000 people were killed in retaliation
24
Q
Vw wreck
A
Von galden White rose group With burning concern-popes message Reichsbanner Edelweiss pirates Confessional church Kreisau circle
25
Who did the nazis prosecute?
- Jews
- 85% of gypsies
- they sterilised black and deaf people
- they sterilised disabled people
- they killed mentally ill patients
- homosexuals. Prostitutes, Jehovah's witnesses , pacifists, beggars and criminals were sent to concentration camps
26
How the nazis persecuted the Jews (1933)
- they boycotted Jewish businesses
- Jewish teachers and civil servants were sacked
- race science lessons taught Jews are untetmensch
27
How the Nazis persecuted Jews(1935)
- Jews weren't allow to vote
- Jews couldn't marry a German citizen
- Nuremberg rallies-Jews couldn't be citizens
28
How did the Nazis persecute Jews(1938)
- Jews couldn't be doctors
- Jews had to add Israel or Sarah to their name
- Jewish children couldn't go to school
29
How did the Nazis persecute the Jews (1939-1941)
-1939- Jews couldn't own a business or a radio
- 1941- mass shooting of Jews
- Jews had to wear a yellow star
30
The wansee conference
- 1942
| - decided that all European Jews should be gassed
31
What was kristallnacht
- it happened on the 9th of November 1938
| - Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues were attacked
32
Hitlers economic policy
1) full employment
2) beauty of work( SDA)
3) re- armament
4) autarky
33
Good life in Germany
- everyone had a job and a wage
- workers had arranged trips, picnics, free holidays etc
- There was a scheme where workers could pay a small weekly payment to receive a Volkswagen Beetle
- autobahns improved travel and transport
- no crime in the street
- nazi rallies provided fun and colour
- nazi youth groups provided holidays for young people
- nazi ideology gave people hope and confidence
34
How did hitler increase employment?
- he stopped paying reparations
- he began a programme of public work
- building such as the 1936 Olympic stadium were built creating jobs
- the building of autobahns created 80,000 jobs
- rearmament
- national service
- Jews and women sacked so Non Jewish men got these jobs
35
Did Germany become self sufficient?
- the measures economics minister goring made weren't successful
- controls were put on imports but more luxuries were imported
- scientists tried to make oil from coal
- farmers were subsidised to produce more foods
- food imports were reduced
36
The reichstag fire
- 27th February 1933
- reichstag building was set on fire
- communist van der lubbe is arrested
- it is believed that the nazi party set it up to gain support
- the Nazis told people that the country was in danger from communists
