HIv Flashcards
(78 cards)
1
Q
MC strain
A
HIv1 M group
2
Q
MC transmitting strain
A
R5
3
Q
MC strain in brain
A
R5
4
Q
Antibodies order of appearance
A
Gp41
P24
Gp120
5
Q
3 targets in the brain
A
Pero valvular astrocytes
Peri valvular macrophage
Microglia
6
Q
5 reasons for false positive EIA
A
HAPIT Hepatic disease Acute viral illness Pregnancy Influenza vaccine Transfusion
7
Q
Stages
1-3
A
Stage 1 CD4 >500 26%
CD4 200-499 14-25%
CD4
8
Q
Gag gene
A
Core + p24
9
Q
Pol gene
A
Protease
Rev transcription
10
Q
Env gene
A
Envelope
11
Q
First cytokines
A
IFN alpha
12
Q
HIV lipodystrophy
A
IL18
13
Q
3 tests of western blot indeterminate
A
P24 capture
HIV rbs
HIV DNA PCR
14
Q
When to use cd4 %
A
IFN alpha treatment
Hypersplenism
15
Q
Infections CD 4
A
PCP
16
Q
Infections CD4
A
Mac
Toxoplasma
CMV
17
Q
3 stages of HIV
A
Acute infection 3-6 mos
A symptomatic 10 yrs
AIDS if
18
Q
CD4 level to start ART
A
CD4
19
Q
Most potent and safest ARTs
A
Integrate inhibitors
20
Q
Treatment monitoring
A
HIV RNA at 6 MOA
21
Q
4 NNRT
A
NEED Nevirapine efavirenz Etta Delav
22
Q
Major co receptors for HIV1
A
CCR5
CXCR4
23
Q
HIV type that dominates the global pandemic
It is more transmissible than the others
A
HIV 1 M group subtype C
24
Q
Predominant HIV type in Asia
A
HIV1 isolates of the CRF01_AE
25
Predominant HIV in US Canada Europe
Subtype B
26
Natural reservoir of HIV M and N subgroups
Pan troglodytes troglodytes
27
Natural reservoir of HIV O and P groups
Cameroonian gorillas
28
Structural proteins of the HIV virus
Gag- core of the vit ion
Pol- protease
Env- envelope glycoprotein
29
HIV replication cycle
Gp120 binds with Cd4 in Th
Co factor CcR5 and CxCR4
Conformational change: fusion with host cell membrane via gp41
Uncoating of the capsid protein, facilitates reverse transcription and formation of pre integration complex (viral RNA, accessory proteins, capsid and matrix proteins)
30
Risk for HIV transmission with unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI)
1.4%
31
Primary determinant of HuV 1 transmission
Quantity of HiV1 in the plasma
32
Transmission of the HIV virus is rare when how many copies RNA/ milliliter
33
What is TasP (treatment as prevention)?
Initiation of antiretroviral therapy even before CD4 levels go below 250 is assoxiated with 96% reduction of HIV transmission
34
HIV infection following skin puncture
0.3%
35
HIav infection following mucous membrane exposure
0.09%
36
Maternal transmission of HIV Occurs most commonly in the
Perinatal period
37
Probability of transmission of HIV from mother to infant fetus
23-30% before birth
50-65% during birth 😄
12-20% breast feeding
38
MC form of heart disease assoc with HIV Infection
CAD
39
White frond like lesions along lateral borders of the tongue and adjacent buccal mucosa
Oral hairy leukoplakia
| Florid replication of EBV
40
Reactivation pulmonary in HIV
Coccidiosis immitis
41
MAC prophylaxis
| When and how?
CD 4
42
Risk of TB Reactivation
| HIV VS no HIV
HIV 7-10
| No HIV 1%
43
Causes ophthalmic lesion of choroid like buergers disease, bone marrow hypo plastic and otic involvement (polyploid mass in external auditory canal)
P jiroveci
44
HIV opportunistic infections covered by TMP/SMX DS tablet BID
PCP
| Toxoplasma
45
Treatment for oral hairy leukoplakia
Podophyllin
46
Hallmark of HIV assoc nephropathy
Proteinuria
Microalbuminuria found in 20% of AIDS
47
MC presentation of syphilis in HIV
Condylomata lata
48
Suphilis
| Ulcers ting lesion of the skin due to necrotizing vasculitis
Lues maligna
49
Effect of HIV on VDRL and anti TPa
False positive VDRL due to polyclonal B call activation
False negative FTA ABs due to immunodeficiency
50
Percent of HIV patients with jarischh herxheimer reaction upon RX
One third
51
HIV patients receiving thymidine analogues and protease inhibitors endocrine disorder
Lipodystrophy
Elev TC
Elev TF
Hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia
52
Drug associated with FATAL HYPERSENSITIVITY on rechallenge
| Associated with the HLA B27 haplotype
ABACAVIR
53
Hema
| Characteristic feature of zidovudine therapy
Elevated MCV
54
Most prevalent derma disorder in patients with HIV
Folliculitis
Unique form: eosinophilia pustular folliculitis
55
MC cause of meningitis in AIDS patients
Crytococcus
56
Most severe form of HIV assoc neuro cognitive disorder (HAND)
HIV associated dementia
57
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis
Amphoteric in B
| Or liposomal amphoteric in with flucytosine at least 2 weeks
58
Reservoir for smoldering cryptococcal infection
Prostate gland
59
MC cause of seizures in HIV patient
1. Mass lesions (toxoplasma> lymphoma)
2. HIV encephalopathy
3. Cryptococcal meningitis
60
MC manifestation of yoxoplasmosis
Fever
Headache
Focal neurological deficit
61
Treatment of toxoplasmosis
Pyrimethamine+ sulfadiazine
| With leucovirin for 4-6 weeks
62
Indication for brain biopsy in patient with toxoplasmosis
Px who to failed to respond to therapy 2-4 weeks
63
Likelihood that the patient has toxoplasmosis in the setting of negative serology
64
Most common form of polyneuropathy in HIV
Distal symmetric
65
Causes of myopathy in HIV
HIV itself
Zidovudine
Generalized wasting syndrome
66
Histologic hallmark of zidovudine induced myopathy
Red ragged fibers
67
MC abnormal finding ophtha in HIV
Cotton wool spots
68
Most devastating ophtha complication of HIV infection
CMV retinitis
69
Therapy for CMV retinitis
Oral valve cockpit
IV gancyclovir
Foe aren't
70
Can cause acute retinal necrosis or progressive outer retinal necrosis
HSV and varicella
71
Define generalized wasting in AIDS
involuntary weight loss of >10% associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic diarrhea or fatigue lasting >30 days in the absence of a defined cause other than HIV infection
72
Neoplasticism conditions considered to be AIDS defining
Kaposi's sarcoma
NonHodgkins lymphoma
Invasive cervical carcinoma
73
Multi centric neoplasm consisting of multiple vascular nodules appearing in the skin, mucous membranes and viscera
Kaposi's sarcoma
74
First line therapy for advanced KS
Liposomal daunorubicin
75
3 main categories of lymphoma seen in patients with HIV infection
Grade III or IV Immunoblastic lymphoma
Burkitt's lymphoma
Primary CNS lymphoma
76
Majority of the Immunoblastic lymphoma in HIV patients
Diffuse large B cell lymphomas
77
Management of AIDS associated kaposi sarcoma
Radiation
Intraleaional vinblastin
Cryotherapy
78
Lymphoma not commonly seen in the setting of an immunodeficiency other than HIV
Burkitts lymphoma
| Small noncleaved cell lymphoma
