HIV/AIDS Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is HIV?
Human immunodeficiency virus; retrovirus that attacks and destroys or impairs immune cells
Where is HIV most prevalent?
Southern Africa
What are the demographic effects of HIV?
- dec life expectancy
- dec economic contribution/work force
- children frequently have inc mortality and become orphaned
How is HIV transmitted?
- sexual contact
- maternal to child transmission (MTCT) (esp during birth and breastfeeding)
- blood products
What is AIDS?
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
How is the AIDS stage defined?
Infections, certain cancers
How do AIDS measurements differ between developed and developing countries?
In developed, we do blood draws to check CD4/HIV load, but you don’t have that kind of set up in rural Africa
What does the UN focus on in its HIV/AIDS efforts?
Improved access to ARVs NOT on prevention
What was AIDS originally called?
“Slim Disease” c. 1985 because of unexplained wasting
Prophylactics for this disease became part of the treatment course for HIV/AIDS in 1987
What is pneumonia?
What percentage of new HIV infections occur in low/middle income countries?
97%
Who is most likely to get HIV?
young women and their children
What (societal) things can really effect spread of HIV?
- educating women
- educating about HIV/AIDS
- encouraged sexual autonomy for women
Clinical features of HIV?
Stage 1: asymptomatic
Stage 2: unexplained weight loss, herpes zoster, chelitis/ulceration, dermatitis
Stage 3: severe weight loss, diarrhea, fever, oral hairy leukoplakia
Stage 4: pneumonia, chronic herpes simplex. esophageal candidiasis, kaposi’s sarcoma, meningitis, TB
What is the course of HIV–>AIDS?
Primary HIV infection –> asymptomatic HIV –> symptomatic HIV –> AIDS
What kind of relationship do HIV/AIDS have?
bidirectional
How does nutrition affect HIV/AIDS?
micronutrients, basic macro intakes, antioxidants, reinforces the effects of the drugs, can reduce the impact of infection
How does HIV/AIDS affect nutrition?
- wasting, mouth sores, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea can all block intake
- drugs can cause appetite loss, block absorption
What are the family burdens?
- caring for the sick person
- paying healthcare
- absorbing the earnings loss
Importance of Vit A?
- keeps the lining of skin, gut, lungs healthy
- deficiency inc severity of diseases like diarrhea
- deficiency –> inc mortality
- associated with acute phase response (marker of disease progression)
Importance of Vit E?
- protects cells and aids resistance to infection
- maintains cell wall structure
- dec intake assoc with HIV –> AIDS
Importance of Vit C?
- protects from infection, aids in recovery
- inc intake assoc with slower progression of disease
Importance of B vitamins?
- keeps immune and nervous system healthy
- may be lost through TB treatment
- more B vitamins = slower progression
Iron and HIV/AIDS
- iron-deficiency anemia is widespread esp in HIV/AIDS at risk populations
- may inc acute phase response/inflammation
- supplementation only for pregnant women
