HIV/EBV Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
detectable viremia
A
10-15 days after infection
2
Q
p24 ag with IgM
A
detect before seroconversion
positive in acute infection
3
Q
early HIV testing
A
4th gen test and RT-PCR at same time
4
Q
“red flags of HIV”
A
thrush
shingles
5
Q
Transmission in pregnancy
A
pregnancy
labor and delivery
breastfeeding
6
Q
Efavirenz in pregnancy
A
causes neural tube defects
if on it and pregnant do not change because she found out too late
7
Q
drug of choice for HIV+ pregnant woman
A
zidovudine
8
Q
prophylaxis <200
A
pneumocystis, toxoplasmosis (at 100)
9
Q
prophylaxis <50
A
MAC/MAI
10
Q
HLAB5701
A
abacavir
11
Q
pretreatment CD4 count >250 females/>400 males
A
nevirapine
12
Q
cobicstat
A
booster without antiviral activity (utilized with elvitegravir)
13
Q
maraviroc
A
binds CCR5 R to prevent entry
14
Q
injection site irritation
A
enfuvirtide
15
Q
MOA enfuvirtide
A
binds pg41
16
Q
MOA NNRTI
A
bind directly to reverse transcriptase
17
Q
long half life complications of NNRTI
A
resistance-monotherapy exposure
side effects
18
Q
NNRTI side effect
A
rash
can progress to Steven Johnson Syndrome (highest in nevirapine)
19
Q
neuropsychiatric symptoms
A
efavirenz
20
Q
MOA NRTI
A
block RT after phosphorylation intracellular (building blocks of RNA and DNA)
21
Q
anemia side effect
A
Zidovudine
22
Q
peripheral neuropathy
A
didanosine and stavudine
23
Q
hyperpigmentation of skin
A
emtricitabine
24
Q
nucleotide NRTI
A
tenofovir
25
adverse reaction of integrase inhibitor
CPK elevation (end in ravir)
26
MOA protease inhibitors
inhibit protease from cleaving large viral polypeptides into smaller functional virons
27
excretion protease inhibitors
hepatic oxidative metabolism-drug drug interactions
28
booster
ritonavir
29
adverse side effects protease inhibitors
endocrine side effects-hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance
30
hepatitis
tipranavir
31
kidney stones
indinavir
32
prolonged QT
atazanavir
33
PI resistant virus
darunavir and tipranivir
34
post exposure prophylaxis
truvada (2 hrs after for 28 days)
35
pancreatitis
didanosine
36
cross reactivity with sulfa drugs
darunavir and tipranivir
37
jaundice
atazanavir and indinavir
38
paresthesias
fosamprenavir and ritonavir
39
cells infected by HIV
T cells-lymphoid tissue are infected
monocytes and macrophages
dendritic cells
40
loss of T cells
direct cytopathic-increased permeability, apoptosis, inflammasome
41
uninfected killed
loss of immature precursors
| syncytia formation
42
qualitative defects CD4T
reduction in T cell proliferation
decrease in Th1/Th2
loss of memory
decreased B antibody production
43
latent infection
CD4 and macrophages (resistant to cytopathic effects)
| protected from antiviral therapy
44
abnormal monocyte with HIV
CNS infections
decreased phagocytosis
decreased IL1 (no fever)
decreased APC function
45
dendritic cells with HIV
transport to LN to transfer to CD4 T cells
46
B lymphocytes in HIV
polyclonal activation with germinal center B cell hyperplasia
plasmacytosis
hypergammaglobulinemias
increased immune complexes (TIII HS)
47
HIV in CNS
neurons not infected
microglia and macrophages infected
monocytes carry HIV to CNS
48
primary infection
mucosal epithelia
memory T cells first to be infected
DC to LN
49
seroconversion
mount humoral and cell mediated immune responses
50
acute retroviral syndrome
3-6 weeks after infection, resolves in 2-4 weeks
| nonspecific symptoms of sore throat, myalgias, fever/sweats, wt loss, fatigue
51
chronic infection
LN and spleen as sites of replication
| decrease CD4 and increase viral burden
52
AIDS
opportunistic infections and cancers
| CD4 <200
53
AIDS opportunistic infections
```
pneumocystis
candidiasis
CMV (mostly eye and GI)
MAI
miliary TB
cryptococcus (meningitis)
toxoplasmosis (encephalitis)
JC virus-PML
HSV
```
54
Kaposi sarcoma
cancer in AIDS patients
vascular neoplasm
caused by HHV8 (STD)
55
high grade B cell lymphoma
B cell lymphoma late in AIDS
occur in LN, brain, or body cavities
associated with EBV
56
long term side effects of ART
lipoatrophy
excess fat deposition centrally
premature CVD, kidney and liver disease
57
lymph nodes
follicular hyperplasia to follicular involution
58
serology
antibody response 6 days to 1 month after infection
| antigenemia precedes seroconversion
59
CD4 T cell counts
indicator of disease progression
60
viral load test
monitor effectiveness of antiviral therapy
61
diagnostic algorithm
p24 antigen (appears before antibodies), then immunoassay or HIV1 nucleic acid test
62
HIV1
widespread
63
HIV2
West Africa
64
HIV structure
positive polarity RNA
65
M tropic
macrophages
66
T tropic
T cells
67
GAG
capsid and core
68
POL
enzymatic complex (RNAse H, protease, integrase)
69
TAT
transactivator for viral and cellular (LTR)
| contributes to cancer
70
REV
transport mRNA out of nucleus and splicing
71
NEF
decreases expression of CD4 and MHCI changes T cell signaling
72
VIF
virus assembly and inhibits antivrial APOBEC
73
VPU
enhances release
74
VPR
arrests at G2
75
p24
cylindrical core
76
gp120 and 41
held together by noncovalent bonds
120 for attachment
41 for fusion
77
errors in HIV
RT prone to errors
| RT shows copy choice
78
CCR5
M tropic
79
CXCR4
T tropic
80
primary HIV screening
ELISA
81
secondary screening
Western blot
82
positive Western Blot
positive-serum antibodies bind 120, 41, 31, 24
83
EBV latent infections
cells of respiratory system and regional lymph nodes
84
transport of EBV
lymphocytes
85
EBV receptor on B cells
CD21
86
EBNA
DNA binding proteins
87
VCA
capsid
88
MA
membrane
89
EA
early antigen
90
late proteins enable attachment
gp350/220
91
fusion interacts with MHC II
42
92
latent membrane proteins
promote immortalization of B cells
93
cofactor in Burkitts lymphoma
malaria
94
Downey Cells
atypical lymphocytes in blood in response to EBV infected B cells
95
heterophile antibodies
polyclonal antibodies from infected B cells
96
antibody time course
VCA (IgM) to VCA (IgG) to EA and EBNA
97
treatment mono
valacyclovir
98
vaccine
subunit vaccine
99
roseola
infects B and T cell and can infect epithelial and endothelial cells and neurons (6 and &
100
HHV8
Kaposi sarcoma, GH like product
