HIV- Schoenwald Flashcards
(32 cards)
How is HIV defined?
presence of virus without AIDS de4ning illness
having + test for HIV
How is AIDS defined?
– HIV + with AIDS defining illnesses (as listed in Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment)
OR
– HIV + with CD4 count <200
Name 4 important AIDS defining illnesses?
- Candidiasis of bronchi, trachea or lungs, or esophageal
- Kaposi sarcoma
- Lymphoma (Burkitts)
- Pneumocystis Jerovici
What are some sxs of HIV?
Can be completely asymptomatic or can have night sweats, fever, unexpected weight loss and scattered LAD
What is the mc presentation of HIV?
Asymptomatic and found via screening tests
-Commonly present with opportunistic infection then found to have HIV
HIV is closely related to ________ so it is recommended to test for HIV of anyone with a new dx of _______
syphillis
You suspect a patient might have PJP. What is the gold standard test you order?
Silver stain sputum sample
Bilateral hilar infiltrate on CXR is a finding of what disease?
PJP
Sx/sxs of PJP?
Fever, dry cough (non-productive), SOB & desat of O2, fatigue*
A patient presents with a fever, dry cough and severe fatigue. You suspect PJP and do a silver stain. You are correct and it comes back as PJP. What is the first line treatment for PJP?
Trimeth/sulfa (Bactrim) 15-20 mg/kg IV q day in 6-8 hr dosing
A patient presents with a fever, dry cough and severe fatigue. You suspect PJP and do a silver stain. You are correct and it comes back as PJP. What is the first line treatment for PJP if O2 sat is paO2<70 mm/Hg?
Trimeth/sulfa (Bactrim) 15-20 mg/kg IV q day in 6-8 hr dosing PLUS Prednisone 40 mg po BID
**Rhyme-> O2 sat gets low, add 40 mg pred PO
T/F: Someone with PJP might often appear with severe hypoxia
True
When do you start prophylaxis for PJP?
CD4 count <200***
What is the prophylaxis tx for PJP?
Trimeth/sulfa
What is the TOC for PJP if a patient is allergic to sulfa?
Dapsone or inhaled pentamidine
Human herpes virus 8 causes this disease
Kaposi sarcoma
What are some defining sxs of kaposi sarcoma?
Purplish, brownish lesions that can be body wide, including inside of the mouth
How to treat kaposi sarcoma?
By reconstituting the immune system
HIV ___ is most precalent in US whereas HIV __ is rare but less virulent and mostly confined to west Africa
1, 2
CD4 count rises or falls with increasing length of infection?
falls
People with ______ deletions are less likely to become infected
CCR5
Acute HIV is present in the first ___ weeks. The CD4 increases or decreases?
- INcreases initially because some recog of virus by cells then decreases
Clinical latency of HIV is in between 6 to ___ years
10
AIDS is defined as a CD4 count less than ____ and once you get AIDS, you could have ____ years before an opportunistic infection
200, 1-2
