HM: PPE, Scene Safety and Scene Control

Question 1

NFPA 1951

Answer 1

Standard on Protective Ensembles for Technical Rescue Incidents

Question 2

NFPA 1981

Answer 2

Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for Emergency situations

Question 3

NFPA 1991

Answer 3

Standard on Vapor-protective Ensembles for HM Emergencies

Question 4

NFPA 1992

Answer 4

Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Clothing for HM Emergencies

Question 5

NFPA 1994

Answer 5

Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism Incidents

Question 6

NFPA 1999

Answer 6

Standard on Protective Clothing for Emergency Medical Operations

Question 7

The three levels of control around the HM incident are the

Answer 7

cold zone, the warm zone, and the hot zone.

Question 8

Air-purifying respirator (APR)

Answer 8

A device worn to filter particulates and contaminants from the air.

Question 9

Backup Personnel

Answer 9

Individuals who remove or rescue those working in the hot zone in the event of an emergency.

Question 10

Chemical-resistant materials

Answer 10

Materials use to make chemical-protective clothing, which can maintain its integrity and protection qualities when it comes into contact with a HM. These materials also resist penetration, permeation, and degradation.

Question 11

Cold Zone

Answer 11

A safe area at a HM incident for those agencies involved in the operations. The incident Command Post, EMS providers, and other support functions necessary to control the incident should be located in the cold zone. Also called the clean zone or support zone.

Question 12

Control Zones

Answer 12

Areas at a HM incident that are designated as hot, warm, or cold, based on safety and the degree of hazard.

Question 13

Degradation

Answer 13

The physical destruction or decomposition of clothing material owing to chemical exposure, general use, or ambient conditions (such as storage in sunlight).

Question 14

Heat Exhaustion

Answer 14

A mild form of shock caused when the circulatory system begins to fail as a result of the body’s inadequate effort to give off excessive heat.

Question 15

Heat Stroke

Answer 15

A severe and sometimes fatal condition resulting from the failure of the temperature-regulating capacity of the body. It is caused by prolonged exposure to the sun or high temperatures. Reduction or cessation of sweating is in early symptom, body temperature of 105 degrees or higher, rapid pulse, hot dry skin, headache, confusion, unconsciousness, and convulsions may occur. Heat stroke is a true medical emergency requiring immediate transport to a medical facility.

Question 16

High temperature-protective equipment

Answer 16

Protective clothing designed to shield the wearer during short-term exposures to high temperatures.

Question 17

Hot Zone

Answer 17

The area immediately surrounding a HM spill/incident site that is directly dangerous to life and health. All personnel working in the hot zone must wear complete, appropriate protective clothing and equipment. Entry requires approval by the IC or a designated HM officer. Compete backup, rescue, and decontamination teams must be in place at the perimeter before operations begin.

Question 18

Level A Protection

Answer 18

Personal protective equipment that provides protection against vapors, gases, mists, and even dusts. The highest level of protection, it requires a totally encapsulating suit that includes self-contained breathing apparatus.

Question 19

Level B protection

Answer 19

Personal protective equipment that is used when the type and atmospheric concentration of substances have been identified. It generally requires a high level of respiratory protection but less skin protection: chemical-protective coveralls and clothing, chemical protection for shoes, glove, and self-contained breathing apparatus outside of a nonemcapsulating chemical-protective suit.

Question 20

Level C protection

Answer 20

Personal protective equipment that is used when the type of airborne substance is known, the concentration is measured, the criteria for using air-purifying respirators are met, and skin and eye exposure is unlikely. It consists of standard work clothing with the addition of chemical-protective clothing, chemically resistant gloves, and a form of respirator protection.

Question 21

Level D protection

Answer 21

Personal protective equipment that is used when the atmosphere contains no know hazards and work functions preclude splashes, immersion, or the potential for unexpected inhalation of or contact with hazardous levels of chemicals. It is primarily a work uniform that includes coveralls and affords minimal protection.

Question 22

Liquid splash-protective clothing

Answer 22

Several pieces of clothing and equipment designed to protect the skin and eyes from chemical splashes.

Question 23

Penetration

Answer 23

The flow or movement of a hazardous liquid (or solid) chemical through zippers, stitched seams, buttonholes, flaps, pinholes, or other imperfections in a material. Liquids and solids such as asbestos can penetrate chemical-protective clothing at several locations, including the face piece, exhalation valve, suit exhaust valve, and suit fasteners.

Question 24

Permeation

Answer 24

The process by which a hazardous liquid chemical moves through a given material on the molecular level. Permeation differs from penetration in that permeation occurs through the clothing material itself rather than through openings in the clothing material.

Question 25

Permissible exposure limit (PEL)

Answer 25

The established standard limit of exposure to a HM. It is based on the maximum time-weighted concentration which 95 percent of exposed, healthy adults suffer no adverse effects over a 40-hour workweek. PELs are set by OSHA and have the force of federal law.

Question 26

Recommended exposure level (REL)

Answer 26

The established standard limit of exposure to a HM. It is based on the maximum time-weighted concentration at which 95% of exposed, healthy adults suffer no adverse effects over a 40-hour workweek. RELs are set by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health but does not have the force of federal law.

Question 27

Supplied-air respirator (SAR)

Answer 27

A respirator that obtains its air through a hose from a remote source, such as a compressor or storage cylinder.

Question 28

Threshold limit value/ceiling (TLV/C)

Answer 28

The maximum concentration of HM to which a worker should not be exposed, even for an instant.

Question 29

Threshold limit value/short-term exposure limit (TLV/STEL)

Answer 29

The maximum concentration of HM to which a worker can sustain 15 minute exposure not more than four times daily with a 60-minute rest period required between each exposure. The lower the value, the more toxic the substance.

Question 30

Threshold limit value/skin

Answer 30

A designation indicating that direct or airborne contact with a material could result in significant exposure from absorption through the skin, mucous membranes, and eyes.

Question 31

Threshold limit value/time-weighted average (TLV/TWA)

Answer 31

The airborne concentration of a material to which a worker can be exposed for 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week, and not suffer any ill effects.

Question 32

Vapor-protective clothing

Answer 32

The garment portion of a chemical-protective ensemble that is designed and configured to protect the wearer against chemical vapors or gases.

Question 33

Warm zone

Answer 33

The area located between the hot zone and cold zone at the incident. Personal protective equipment is required when working in this zone. The decontamination corridor is located in the warm zone also called the contamination reduction zone.

Question 34

When you are the one who will don & doff the PPE, make sure that you…

Answer 34

Do not touch the PPE / Let others do all the work. If you touch the suit and/or help in anyway it’s an immediate No Pass on the state exam. When Doffing peel the clothes inside out.