Hobbes and Locke

Question 1

Hobbes’ life (ish)

Answer 1

He was connected to some of the greatest intellectually powerful people in GB (was Francis Bacon’s assistant and tutor to the Cavendish family).
- Went to Paris (as GB was under war) = promised a very intellectual future.
- Leviathan: most important work perhaps

Question 2

Locke’s life (ish)

Question 3

State of Nature: Hobbes

Answer 3

MAIN: political authority + the law = needed for peace and security, absence of law = no peace and not worth of having.
- Humans are not naturally sociable but inherently distrust people = leading to wars/ conflicts
- There is a rough natural equality of power

Question 4

3 main sources of conflict from Hobbes

Answer 4

1. We invade each other because we want more = competition over resources
2. Invade for reputation =we want to be recognised by others
3. Natural distrust of each other

Question 5

Why not accept Hobbes views on the state of nature?

Answer 5

1. Although we are all equal, some of us want more (no equal desires)
2. People often underestimate / overestimate their worth: power and conflict desires
3. Unable to differentiate the good from the bad

Question 6

State of Nature: Locke

Question 7

Social contract: Hobbes

Question 8

Social contract: Locke

Question 9

Egalitarianism: Hobbes

Question 10

Convention: Locke

Question 11

Usurpation