Homeostasis

Question 1

What does homeostasis do ?

Answer 1

Regulates internal conditions of a cell or organisms to maintain its optimum conditions to function in response to internal and external changes

Question 2

In the human body what does homeostasis control ?

Answer 2

Blood glucose concentration

Body temperature

Water levels

Question 3

What do receptors do ?

Answer 3

Detect changes in the environment

Question 4

What are examples of 3 co-ordinators in the human body ?

Answer 4

Brain

Spinal cord

Pancreas

Question 5

What are the 2 effectors in the human body ?

Answer 5

Muscles

Glands

Question 6

What is the order in which the nervous system reacts ?

Answer 6

Stimulus -> receptor -> coordinator -> effector -> response

Question 7

What are the 2 features of a reflex action ?

Answer 7

automatic

Rapid

Question 8

What do reflex actions not involve ?

Answer 8

The conscious part of the brain

Question 9

What is part of the endocrine system ?

Answer 9

Glands which secrete chemicals (hormones) directly into the bloodstream

Question 10

What does the blood do once it has obtained the hormone ?

Answer 10

Carries the hormone to a targeted organ where it produces an effect

Question 11

What is the name of the gland in the brain which secretes several hormones into the blood in response to the body’s conditions ?

Answer 11

Pituitary gland

Question 12

Where is the thyroid gland located ?

Answer 12

Base of the neck

Question 13

Where is the adrenal gland located ?

Answer 13

Kidneys

Question 14

What organ controls blood glucose concentration?

Answer 14

Pancreas

Question 15

What is the pancreas produces the blood glucose concentration is too high?

Answer 15

Insulin

Question 16

What does insulin cause?

Answer 16

Glucose to move from the blood into the cells
Lowering blood sugar levels

Question 17

What is excess glucose in the liver and the muscle cells converted to?

Answer 17

Glycogen of storage

Question 18

What is type one diabetes?

Answer 18

A disorder in which the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin

Question 19

What is the cause for type one diabetes?

Answer 19

Uncontrolled high blood glucose levels

Question 20

How is diabetes type one treated?

Answer 20

Insulin injections

Question 21

What is the cause for type two diabetes?

Answer 21

Body cells no longer respond to the insulin produced by the pancreas

Question 22

What are treatments for type two diabetes?

Answer 22

A carbohydrate controlled diet and an exercise regime

Question 23

What is one risk factor of type two diabetes?

Answer 23

Obesity

Question 24

If the blood glucose concentration is too low what does the pancreas produce?

Answer 24

Glucagon

Question 25

What is glucagon?

Answer 25

A hormone that causes glycogen to be converted into glucose and released into the blood

Question 26

What is the main female reproductive hormone produced in the ovary?

Answer 26

Oestrogen

Question 27

What is it called when eggs are released every 28 days?

Answer 27

Ovulation

Question 28

What is the main male reproductive hormone?

Answer 28

Testosterone

Question 29

Where is testosterone produced?

Answer 29

The testes

Question 30

What does testosterone stimulate?

Answer 30

Sperm production

Question 31

What are the three hormones involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman?

Answer 31

FSH LH Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 32

What does FSH cause?

Answer 32

Maturation of an egg in the ovary

Question 33

What does LH stimulate?

Answer 33

The release of the egg

Question 34

What are oestrogen and progesterone involved in?

Answer 34

Maintaining the uterus lining

Question 35

What are some methods of contraception?

Answer 35

The injection Implant Skin patch Condoms Diaphragms Spermicidal agents Surgical methods

Question 36

What are some ways that hormones in the modern reproductive technologies treat infertility?

Answer 36

FSH and LH in a fertility drug to a woman Eggs are collected from the mother and fertilised by the sperm from the father in the lavatory

Question 37

What are some disadvantages of fertility treatment?

Answer 37

It is very emotional and physically stressful Success rates are not high It can lead to multiple births which are risky for both the mother and babies

Question 38

What does adrenaline do?

Answer 38

It increases the heart rate and boosts the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles Prepares the body for ‘flight or fight’

Question 39

What does thyroxine from the thyroid gland stimulate?

Answer 39

The basal metabolic rate