homeostasis and response

Question 1

homeostasis

Answer 1

the regulation of a constant internal environment

Question 2

why is homeostasis important

Answer 2

the conditions are maintained to ensure optimum conditions for metabolism and changes in response to both internal and external fluctuations

Question 3

in humans, what does homeostasis regulate

Answer 3

blood glucose levels, the body temperature, carbon dioxide levels and water levels

Question 4

stimulus

Answer 4

how information about the environment is detected

Question 5

what is information processed by

Answer 5

the central coordinator

Question 6

what detects the stimulus

Answer 6

receptor

Question 7

what is a response initiated by

Answer 7

an effector

Question 8

what happens if a message cannot be passed as an electrical impulse over the synapse

Answer 8

it is transmitted by chemical neurotransmitters

Question 9

axon

Answer 9

• main part of the nerve cell
• long, stretched out
• where the electrical impulse will travel along

Question 10

sensory neuron

Answer 10

the nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment

Question 11

relay neurons

Answer 11

found between sensory input and motor response
allows sensory and motor neurons to communicate

Question 12

motor neurons

Answer 12

cells in the brain and spinal cord that allows us to move, speak, swall and breathe by sending commands from the brain to the muscles that carry out these functions

Question 13

nervous pathway

Answer 13

stimulus -> receptor -> sensory neuron -> cns -> motor neuron -> effector -> response

Question 14

examples of receptors

Answer 14

• rod and cone cells within the eyes which respond to light

Question 15

examples of an effector

Answer 15

muscle or gland

Question 16

type 1 diabetes

Answer 16

disorder affecting the pancreas, where it does not produce enough insulin to control the blood sugar levels, so they become higher than normal

Question 17

type 2 diabetes

Answer 17

disorder of effector cells which no longer respond to the hormones released from the pancreas, usually managed through lifestyle choices, such as a carb controlled diet and regular excercise

Question 18

oestrogen - made in the ovaries

Answer 18

main reproductive hormone is females, produced in the ovaries, hormone increases and stimulates egg to be released from the ovaries

Question 19

testosterone

Answer 19

main reproductive hormone in males, produced in the testes, stimulates the production of sperm

Question 20

pituitary gland

Answer 20

produces a range of hormones including LH and FSH which help regulate the menstrual cycle.
acts as a master gland as many of the hormones it releases contol and coordinate the release of other hormones from other glands in the body

Question 21

hormones

Answer 21

chemical messengers transported in the bloodstream to an effector whem the can activate a response

Question 22

endocrine systme

Answer 22

a system made up of glands within the body

Question 23

reflex

Answer 23

fast and automatic response to a particular stimulus which may be harmful to the organism

Question 24

why are reflexes fast

Answer 24

no consious though or process to deliver response

Question 25

what happens if blood glucose concentration becomes too low

Answer 25

a negative feedback loop is triggered and the pancreas releases glucagon, which acts on the liver and muscles to caused the stored glycogen to be converted back into glucose and released back into the bloodstream

Question 26

what happens if blood glucose concentration becomes too high

Answer 26

pancreas releases insulin which causes the cells to absorb glucos, the liver and muscles convert the glucose into glycogen to be stored, returning levels back to normal

Question 27

FSH

Answer 27

produced - pituitary gland response - an egg to develop in one of the ovaries interaction - stimulates production of oestrogen

Question 28

oestrogen

Answer 28

produced - ovaries response - lining of the uterus thickens interaction - stimulates production on LH while inhibiting FSH

Question 29

LH

Answer 29

produced - pituitary gland response - ovulation interaction - indirectly stimulates production of progesterone

Question 30

progesterone

Answer 30

produced - ovaries response - uterus lining maintained interaction - inhibits production of LH

Question 31

iv for reaction time practical

Answer 31

amount of practise or use of caffine

Question 32

dv for reaction time practical

Answer 32

reaction time in second