Homeostasis, Cell Struc. & Function

Question 1

Homeostasis (definition)

Answer 1

any process that living things use to actively maintain fairly stable conditions necessary for survival.

Question 2

Homeostasis (examples)

Answer 2

Blood oxygen content homeostasis.

Extracellular fluid pH homeostasis.

Question 3

low power

Answer 3

4x

Question 4

medium power

Answer 4

10x

Question 5

high power

Answer 5

40x

Question 6

Plasma membrane

Answer 6

found in all cells that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.

Question 7

phospholipids bilayer

Answer 7

makes up the basic fabric of the plasma membrane

Question 8

receptor protein

Answer 8

transmit signals to the inside of the cell

Question 9

support protein

Answer 9

give membrane structure and strength

Question 10

transport protein

Answer 10

from channels to move other substances through the membrane

Question 11

eukaryotic

Answer 11

cell with nucleus

Question 12

prokaryotic

Answer 12

cell without nucleus

Question 13

osmosis

Answer 13

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 14

What happens if water can pass through a plasma membrane but the cell cannot?

Answer 14

Water molecules will move toward the side

Question 15

the effects on an animal cell in a hypertonic solution

Answer 15

Animal cells in a hypertonic solution will shrivel.

Question 16

When a cell is placed in a(n) ____ solution, the concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside.

Answer 16

hypertonic

Question 17

The movement of substances across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient that requires energy is called ____ ____.

Answer 17

active transport

Question 18

Which type of transport across the plasma membrane involves the use of carrier proteins?

Answer 18

pumps

Question 19

In which type of solution is a cell when concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside?

Answer 19

hypertonic

Question 20

Together, the different types of transport allow a cell to interact with its environment while maintaining ____.

Answer 20

homeostasis

Question 21

Carbohydrates attached to proteins, also known as ____, stick out from the plasma membrane to define the cell’s characteristics and help cells identify chemical signals.

Answer 21

glycoproteins

Question 22

cytoplasm

Answer 22

Semifluid material environment enclosed by the plasma membrane.

Question 23

cytoskeleton

Answer 23

supporting network of long, thin protein fibers that form a framework for the cell and proved an anchor for the organelles.

Question 24

Microtubules

Answer 24

long, hollow protein cylinders that form a rigid skeleton for the cell and assist in moving substances within the cell.

Question 25

Microfilaments

Answer 25

thin protein threads that help give the cell shape and enable the part or the entire cell move.

Question 26

nuclear envelope

Answer 26

a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus

Question 27

Ribosomes

Answer 27

organelles produced in the nucleus that manufacture proteins.

Question 28

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 28

a membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis

Question 29

Golgi apparatus

Answer 29

a flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.

Question 30

Cilia

Answer 30

short, numerous projections that look like hair.

Question 31

Flagella

Answer 31

longer and less numerous than cilia. | Move with a whip-like motion