{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }

Homeostasis Test Flashcards

(49 cards)

1
Q

Where is the pituitary gland located?

A

Base of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the pituitary gland

A

secrete hormones or make other glands secrete hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where is the thyroid gland located

A

in the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the function of the thyroid gland

A

to secrete T4and T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do T4 and T3 do

A

regulate body temp, metabolism and energy levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where is the parathyroid gland located

A

behind the thyroid gland in the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the function of the parathyroid gland

A

regulate calcium levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does the parathyroid gland regulate calcium levels

A

secretes PTH which releases calcium from bones and tells excretory system to absorb more calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are two ways to increase blood pressure

A

Angiotensin: decrese the diameter of blood vessels
Aldosterone: increases the amount of fluid flowing into blood vessels by increasing NA+ concentration in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is hypertension

A

high blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

why is hypertention (high blood pressure) a health risk

A

it can strain organs and lead to their failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what cells monitor blood pressure

A

juxtaglomerular receptor cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what hormone regulates water balance in blood

A

anti diruretic hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where is ADH produced

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where is adh stored

A

pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what cells are responsible for the secretion of adh

A

osmoregulator cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when is adh secreted

A

high osmotic pressure
high solute conc. in blood
dehydrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

when is adh not secreted

A

low osmotic pressure
low solute conc. in blood
hydrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does the body do when there is high osmotic pressure

A

adh is secreted from the pituitary gland, it binds to receptors on the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct, this openes up aquaporins which reabsorb more water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is filtration nephron into blood or blood into nephron

A

blood into nephron

21
Q

is reabsorption blood into nephron or nephron into blood

A

nephron into blood

22
Q

is secretion blood into nephron or nephron into blood

A

blood into nephron

23
Q

after the fluid is pushed from glomerulus into bowmans capsule what is it then called

A

primary urine

24
Q

what does primary urone contain

A

glucose, salt, urea, AA

25
what cells line the proximal convoluted tubule
endothelial cells
26
does active or passive transport happen first in the PCT
active
27
what happens during active transport in the PCT
Na/K pumps in the endothelial cells pump Na out of the primary urine and back into the blood.
28
Since active transport in the PCT cant work by itself, what powers it
ATP
29
what does the Na/K pump create in the nephron
conc. gradient
30
what happens during passive transport in the PCT
Cl anions follow the Na ions out of the nephron because of charge attraction. water, glucose and AA follow the conc. gradient and go back into the bloodstream
31
what happens in the descending limb of the loop of henle
its permeable to water but not Na. Its saltier outside the limb so water flows out causing conc. urine
32
what the conc. of the urine at the bottom of the loop of henle
1200
33
what happens in the ascending limb of the loop of henle
its permeable to Na but not water. Na leaves the limb with Cl ions following it. (charge attraction) the urine is less conc.
34
what happens in the DCT
it fine tunes the urine, reabsorbing any other water or electrolytes the blood needs
35
what happens in the collecting duct
most of the remaining water in the urine is absorbed creating conc. uring
36
what happens after the urine passes through the collecting duct
it goes to the renal pelvis
37
what happens after urine goes to the renal pelvis
it goes down the ureters and collects in the bladder for storage
38
what organisms match the osmolarity of their environment
osmoconformers (squid)
39
what organisms have a consant osmolarity despite their external environment
osmoregulators (humans)
40
what does a negative feedback loop do
start, end, repeat. activated when needed
41
what does a positive feedback loop do
start, end, repeat until process is done.
42
give an example of a positive feedback loop
childbirth
43
give an example of a negative feedback loop
insulin/glucagon or body temp
44
how are the nervous and endocrine systems different
endocrine: releases hormones that are slower acting but longer lasting Nervous: electrical signals that act almost immidiately
45
what are the different classifications of hormones
peptide, steroid, amino acid, fatty acid
46
example of a peptide hormone
FSH, LH, oxytocin
47
example of a steroid hormone
testosterone, estrogen, progesterone
48
example of an AA hormone
epinephrine, norepinephrine
49