Homologous series Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the structural formula for methanol
CH3OH
What is the structural formula for ethanol
CH3CH2OH
What is the structural formula for propanol
CH3CH2CH2OH
What is the structural formula for butanol
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
What conditions are needed for the hydration of ethene
Phosphoric acid catalyst and 300 degrees
What are the two ways to make ethanol
Hydration of ethane and fermentation
Describe fermentation
Yeast converts a sugar solution to carbon dioxide and ethanol in 30 degrees C temperature. Oxygen not present
What are carboxylic acids in water
Weak acids
What does a carboxylic acid + a metal carbonate make
Salt + carbon dioxide + water
Propanoic acid + potassium carbonate =
Potassium propanoate + CO2 + water
Ethanoic acid + ethanol =
Ethyl ethanoate
What catalyst is required to make an ester?
Sulfuric acid
In addition polymerisation, what are the main things
Monomers are identical, even though the monomers have double bonds the polymers have single bonds
What are the differences between condensation polymerisation and addition polymerisation
In addition, the monomers are alkenes and are the same
In condensation, water molecules are lost as well and the monomers are different
Is polyethene a condensation or an addition polymer?
Condensation
What does sodium + ethanol make
Sodium ethoxide + hydrogen
What are the rules for an alcohols solubility in water
Alcohols with shorter hydrocarbon chains are more soluble in water than longer hydrocarbons
Alcohol + carboxylic acid =
Ester + water
Give examples of biological polymers
DNA, proteins, starch and cellulose
What are amino acids polymerised to make?
Polypeptides and proteins
