Honers English (summer work)

Question 1

Round Character

Answer 1

A significant character who is well developed with at least 3-4 characteristics.

Question 2

Flat Character

Answer 2

A lesser-known character not as well developed, usually with only 1-2 character traits.

Question 3

Dynamic Character

Answer 3

A character that changes from the beginning of the story to the end.

Question 4

Static Character

Answer 4

A character that doesn’t undergo any significant change during the story (they stay emotionally the same)

Question 5

Antagonist

Answer 5

A character who is against the protagonist (attempting to block their success or goal)

Question 6

Protagonist

Answer 6

The leading character

Question 7

Direct versus Indirect Characterization

Answer 7

With direct characterization, the author tells the reader exactly what the character is like (i.e., the seven-year-old boy with red hair was stubborn but kind), while indirect characterization offers clues to reveal the personality of the character

Question 8

Foreshadowing

Answer 8

Clues of what will eventually happen in the story

Question 9

1st person narration

Answer 9

The writer relates the story from their perspective (pronouns used are “I” and “my”)

Question 10

3rd person omniscient versus 3rd person limited narration

Answer 10

Omniscient narration is told by a narrator that is external to the story and that the narrator is “all knowing”; limited narration is when the story is told from the narrator or character’s perspective and they “share” information. Both types of narration use pronouns like “he”, “she”, “they”

Question 11

Verbal irony

Answer 11

Often known as “sarcasm”, it is when the words express something contrary to truth or what the person means

Question 12

Dramatic irony

Answer 12

the reader knows what will happen but the character doesn’t (i.e. everyone knows that the car will explode but the character doesn’t so he/she starts the engine)

Question 13

Situational irony

Answer 13

actions have the opposite effect of what was intended (i.e. the fireman’s house catches on fire)

Question 14

Symbolism

Answer 14

an object represents itself and something else; when analyzing symbolism one must use the terms literal and figurative

Question 15

Simile

Answer 15

comparing two unlike things with the use of “like” or “as”

Question 16

Metaphor

Answer 16

comparing two unlike things without the use of “like” or “as”

Question 17

Personification

Answer 17

something that is not human is given human like characteristics/traits

Question 18

Hyperbole

Answer 18

an extreme exaggeration

Question 19

Poetry

Answer 19

literature based on the interplay of words and rhythm

Question 20

Iambic Pentameter

Answer 20

In a line of poetry, an iamb is a foot or beat consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, or a short syllable followed by a long syllable

Question 21

Blank Verse

Answer 21

unrhymed verse written in iambic pentameter

Question 22

Free Verse

Answer 22

poetry that is free of regular rhythm or meter; lacking rhyme

Question 23

Rhyme

Answer 23

repetition of the same or similar sounds occurs in two or more words, usually at the end of lines in poems or songs

Question 24

Alliteration

Answer 24

a literary device where two or more words in a phrase or line of poetry share the same beginning consonant sound

Question 25

Onomatopoeia

Answer 25

a word which imitates the natural sounds of a thing; it creates a sound effect that mimics the thing described

Question 26

Sonnet

Answer 26

poetry that has 14 lines, and is written in iambic pentameter

Question 27

Allegory

Answer 27

a story that includes characters as symbols which represent ideas; characters often represent vices and virtues. The story has both a figurative meaning and literal one.

Question 28

Tragedy

Answer 28

a story that ends unhappily

Question 29

Tragic Hero

Answer 29

the character has a tragic flaw which results in his/her destruction but before the end of the story, they often recognize their flaw and try to make amends

Question 30

Primary versus Secondary Sources

Answer 30

a primary source is a first-hand account of an event (i.e. letter, journal, interview) while a secondary source involves analysis or interpretation (i.e. text book)

Question 31

Genre

Answer 31

a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style or subject matter (i.e. mystery, nonfiction)

Question 32

Theme

Answer 32

a main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work, which may be stated directly or indirectly