Honors Biology Unit Test

Question 0

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 0

Breaks polymers

Question 1

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 1

Builds polymers

Question 2

Polar bonds

Answer 2

Electrons aren’t shared equally

Positive and negatively charged

Question 3

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 3

No charge

Question 4

Ionic bonds

Answer 4

Give electrons away

Question 5

Covalent bonds

Answer 5

Share electrons

Question 6

Waters high specific heat

Answer 6

Water takes a long time to reach its high specific heat which means that it can absorb a lot of energy before hand

Question 7

Adhesion

Answer 7

Water to other

Question 8

Cohesion

Answer 8

Water to water

Question 9

Capillary action

Answer 9

Ability to draw up water from thin tubes via adhesion and cohesion

Question 10

Why is water the universal solvent

Answer 10

It dissolves polar molecules necessary to life

Question 11

Hydrophilic

Answer 11

Loves water

Question 12

Hydrophobic

Answer 12

Hates water

Question 13

Atom

Answer 13

Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

Question 14

Molecule

Answer 14

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 15

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 15

Weak

Positive attracts to negative molecule

Question 16

Organic molecules

Answer 16

Carbon and at least one hydrogen

Question 17

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 17

Builds polymers

Question 18

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 18

Breaks polymers

Question 19

Monomers

Answer 19

Building block of polymers

Question 20

Polymers

Answer 20

Long molecule that consists on many individual blocks strung together

Question 21

Prokaryotes

Answer 21

No nucleus

No membrane bound organelles

Question 22

Eukaryotes

Answer 22

Nucleus
Have membrane bound organelles
Mitochondria, rough er

Question 23

What do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

Answer 23

DNA, ribosomes, cell membranes, and cytoplasm

Question 24

Manufacturing

Answer 24

``` Nucleus Ribosomes Rough er Smooth er Golgi appartus ```

Question 25

Breakdown

Answer 25

Lysosomes Vacuoles Peroxisomes

Question 26

Energy

Answer 26

Mitochondria | Chloroplasts

Question 27

Nucleus

Answer 27

Directs cells activity

Question 28

Ribosomes

Answer 28

Assembles amino acids

Question 29

Golgi apparatus

Answer 29

Receives and modified protein products and packages them for shipping

Question 30

Lysosomes

Answer 30

Digests food particles and recycled damaged organelles

Question 31

Vacuoles

Answer 31

Storage and growth functions

Question 32

Peroxisomes

Answer 32

Produce and break down water

Question 33

Chloroplasts

Answer 33

Makes lipids | Detoxification

Question 34

Substrate

Answer 34

Converted into product

Question 35

Active site

Answer 35

Where enzyme and substrate come together

Question 36

True or false | Enzymes are reusable and catalyze one type of reaction

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Denatured enzyme

Answer 37

No longer fits with substrate

Question 38

Cell membrane

Answer 38

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 39

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 39

Helps to maintain homeostasis

Question 40

What do cell membranes have?

Answer 40

A hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

Question 41

Transport proteins

Answer 41

Span the membrane, getting things in and out of the cell | Tunnels right through inside and out

Question 42

Integrins

Answer 42

Attach to cytoskeleton on inside and ecm on the outside | Spans the membrane

Question 43

Glycoproteins

Answer 43

Carbon and protein recognition | Function of immune system attached to outside

Question 44

Cell junctions

Answer 44

Allow cells to adhere and to interact with each other

Question 45

Receptor proteins

Answer 45

Receives messages, signals events inside of the cell | Outside facing out

Question 46

Cholesterol

Answer 46

Membrane stability ( lipid)

Question 47

Diffusion

Answer 47

Movement of dilutes across a concentration gradient high to low Passive Facilitated diffusion

Question 48

Osmosis

Answer 48

Hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic Water always moves to hypertonic Cytolysis, plasmolysis, equilibrium

Question 49

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 49

Type of passive transport

Question 50

Active transport

Answer 50

Movement of dilutes up the concentration gradient Active - required energy Endocytiosis vs exocytosis Export and import materials

Question 51

Carbohydrates

Answer 51

Monomer to monosaccharides 1:2:1 ratio Starch, cellulose glycogen, chitin and their functions

Question 52

Lipids

Answer 52

Lots of c and h little o Phospholipids, steroids, wax and their functions Saturated vs unsaturated fats

Question 53

Proteins Monomer: amino acids C,h, o, n Structural vs functional proteins

Answer 53

Nucleic acids Monomer: nucleotide C, H, O, N, P DNA, RNA, ATP,