Horizontal Gene Transfer Flashcards Preview

Microbiology > Horizontal Gene Transfer > Flashcards

Flashcards in Horizontal Gene Transfer Deck (15)
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1
Q

vertical gene transfer

A

the transmission of an entire genome from offspring to parent

2
Q

horizontal gene transfer

A

the acquisition of a piece of DNA from another cell, not through traditional reproduction

3
Q

What 3 things can transfer DNA among prokaryotes?

A

transposable elements, bacteriophages, and plasmids

4
Q

How is DNA transferred from one cell to another? (3)

A
  • Conjugation
  • Transformation
  • Transduction
5
Q

transformation

A

uptake and expression of exogenous free DNA from the environment?

6
Q

Cells that can take up free DNA and be transformed are called _________.

A

competent

7
Q

electroporation:

A

increases permeability of membrane

8
Q

conjugation

A

transfer of DNA between bacteria through direct contact

9
Q

What 2 things does conjugation require?

A
  1. cell-to-cell contact

2. special transfer plasmid

10
Q

conjugative plasmids

A

carry genes for sex pili and transfer of the plasmid

11
Q

dissimilation plasmids

A

encode enzymes for catabolism of unusual compounds

12
Q

r factors

A

encode antibiotic resistance

13
Q

Some bacteria can transfer genes across _______.

A

domains

14
Q

transduction

A

the process in which bacteriophages (viruses) carry host DNA from one bacterial cell to another

15
Q

transposons

A

segments of DNA that can move from one location to another