Hormonal Control During Exercise Flashcards
(16 cards)
What does the endocrine system do?
Affects every cell, tissue, and organ
Functions of the endocrine system
It constantly monitors the body’s internal environment and it maintains homeostasis
When the endocrine system and the nervous system work together what is this called?
The neuroendocrine system
Does the endocrine system respond quicker or slower than the neuro system, and are the effects longer?
Responds slowly, and has longer lasting effects
What does the endocrine system secrete?
Hormones
Where are hormones secreted to?
Into the blood where they act as chemical signals throughout the body.
Where are hormones transported to?
Transported to specific target cells
What are target cells
Cells that process specific hormone receptors
What happens to the hormones when they reach their destination?
The hormones can control the activity of the target tissue
What body tissues do hormones affect?
Brain, Specific cells within a tissue
How are steroids categorized
Steroid Hormones, Nonsteroid Hormones
Characteristics of steroid hormones
Lipid soluble (allows them to easily cross the cell membrane), most are derived from cholesterol, and they diffuse easily
Characteristics of nonsteroid hormones
Non lipid soluble which they cannot cross the cell membrane that easy
What are the groups of steroid hormones
REC- Reproductive hormone(ex. testosterones) Estrogen+ Progesterone (ex. the ovaries and placenta) and Cortisol and Aldosterone (secreted by the adrenal cortex)
What are the groups of nonsteroid hormones
PA- Protein or peptide hormones, amino acid derived hormones (ex thyroxine and triiodothyronine produced by the thyroid gland, as well as epinephrine and norepinephrine which are from the adrenal medulla)
What determines mechanism or action on target cells and tissues
The chemical structure of the hormone
