Hormonal Coordination Flashcards
What is the endocrine system?
System of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
How do the effects of the endocrine system compare to those of the nervous system?
Endocrine system effects are slower but act for longer
Where is the pituitary gland located?
Brain
Which organ monitors and controls blood glucose concentration?
Pancreas
Which hormones interact to regulate the blood glucose levels?
Insulin and glucagon
What is the cause of Type 1 diabetes?
Pancreas produces insufficient insulin
What is the cause of Type 2 diabetes?
Body cells no longer respond to insulin
What is the function of the kidneys?
Filter and reabsorb useful substances from the blood, produce urine to excrete excess water, ions, urea
How are excess amino acids excreted from the body?
Deaminated to from ammonia in the liver, ammonia is converted to urea and excreted
Which hormone controls the water level in the body?
ADH
How is kidney failure treated?
Organ transplant
Kidney dialysis
What is the function of FSH?
Causes eggs to mature in the ovaries, and stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
What is the function of LH?
Stimulates the release of an egg
What is the function of oestrogen?
Causes lining of uterus wall to thicken
What are the methods of hormonal contraception?
Oral contraceptives, an injection, skin patch or implant
State the disadvantages of IVF treatment
Emotionally and physically stressful
Low success rate
Can lead to risky and multiple births
What is the function of adrenaline in the body?
Increases heart rate and boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles to prepare the body for ‘fight or flight’
What is the function of thyroxine in the body?
Stimulates basal metabolic rate, so is important for growth and development
What is geotropism?
Orientation and growth of plants and response to gravity
What is phototropism?
Orientation and growth of plant in response to light
What are the uses of gibberellins in agriculture?
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