Hormonal System Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the endocrine system?
The system of glands that secrete hormones
What is a hormone
A chemical secreted by a gland that travels in the blood and effects a target organ
What is a gland
A structure that makes and secretes hormones
What’s a target organ
A place where the hormone has its effect on the body
What’s a pituitary gland
A gland that secretes several hormones can trigger other glands to release further hormones
What’s negative feedback
Ensures that changes away from the normal are reversed and conditions brought back to normal (optimum level)
What is oestrogen?
Female hormone produced by ovaries, causes lining of uterus to develop.
What is testosterone?
Male hormone produced by testes, stimulate sperm production
What is insulin.
A hormone produced when blood glucose concentration is too high. Causes glucose to move into cells. In liver and muscle cells excess glucose converted to glycogen.
What is adrenaline?
A hormone produced by adrenal glands. Increases heart rate, boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles ready for fight or flight.
What is thyroxin?
A hormone produced by thyroid gland. Stimulate metabolic rate, involved in growth and development.
What is the pancreas?
The gland that monitors and controls blood glucose concentration.
What is glycogen?
A storage molecule made of glucose molecules bonded together. Found in liver and muscle cells.
What’s type 1 diabetes
A disorder when pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin. Leads to uncontrolled high blood glucose levels.
What’s type 2 diabetes?
Body cells no longer respond to insulin. Risk factors are obesity, high sugar diet, family history.
Treatments to type 1 diabetes?
Treated with insulin injections.
Treatment to type 2 diabetes.
A carbohydrate-controlled diet and exercise are common treatments.
