Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced Pharm > Hormone replacement > Flashcards

Hormone replacement Flashcards

1
Q

When are estrogens used?

A

OCP, hormone replacement therapy for menopause, gender tranisitioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When are the progestins used?

A

OCP, with estrogen in HRT for menopause and with estrogen for gender transitioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is estrogen in the drug world?

A

Estradiol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the progestins in the drug world?

A

Promethrin, Norethindrone, Depo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Can women with an intact uterus receive estrogen only therapy?

A

No, it poses a large risk of endometrial cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the adverse effects of estrogens?

A

blood clots, HTN, acne, endometrial CA, weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the adverse effects of progestins?

A

acne, irregular menstrual bleeding, osteoporosis, amenorrhea, weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the absolute contraindications for estrogen-only replacement therapy?

A

intact uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the absolute contraindications for OCP use?

A

clotting disorders, family history of thrombophilia, CVA, CAD, cancer, liver disease, pregnancy, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the relative contraindications for OCP use?

A

smokers, HTN, DVT, diabetes, migraines, lactation, obesity, gall bladder disease, pt > 50y/o, SCC, HLD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the SERMs?

A

raloxifene (evista), tamoxifen, toremifene, bazedoxifene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the SERMs?

A

selectively modulate estrogen by antagonizing some receptors and agonizing others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the indication for SERMs use?

A

breast cancer, osteoporosis, post menopausal therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the adverse effects of SERMs?

A

fatigue, hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, vaginal discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the first line progestin choice of HRT?

A

Micronized progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who can be prescribed HRT?

A

Post-menopausal women needing symptom management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Should HRT be prescribed to prevent CAD, CVA, osteoporosis?

A

Not the current recommended guidelines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which HRT can be used for osteoporosis?

A

Evista, topical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When should HRT be cautioned/strongly avoided?

A

Thrombophilia, gall bladder disease, hypertriglyceridemia, transdermal with patients with migraines with aura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who is HRT absolutely contraindicated with?

A

Hx of breast CA, CHD, stroke/thrombus, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, endometrial cancer, TIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What must be assessed prior to starting OCP?

A

Pregnancy and family history for contraindications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the PATH acrynomn for OCP intiation?

A

Assess: Pregnancy Attitudes, Timing, How important is prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If a patient misses a pill, what is the next step?

A

Take the missed pill as soon as it is noted even if that means 2 in a day

24
Q

What is recommended if a patient misses 2 or more pills?

A

Use a backup method of contraception, take the remaining pills at the normal time.

25
Q

When is Depo given?

A

Every 12 weeks

26
Q

Who cannot get prometherin?

A

Patients with peanut allergies

27
Q

When is osteoporosis treatment indicated?

A

T-score of -2.5
Hx of fragility fractures
Hx of T-score of -2.5 - -1.0
FRAX 3%

28
Q

What medications are indicated for osteoporosis treatment?

A 
Vitamin D and Calcium supplements
Biphosphonates
Prolia
PTH analougues
Estrogen replacement (women), testosterone replacement (men)
29
Q

What is the MOA of Biphosphonates (Fosamax)?

A

They inhibit osteoclasts to promote bone structure stablility

30
Q

When should Fosamax be taken?

A

In the morning with 8oz of water, 40 minutes prior to food or others medications

31
Q

How long can a patient be on Fosamax?

A

3-5 years

32
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Denosumab (Prolia)

A

It inhibits proliferation and maturation of preosteoclast to prevent them from maturing to osteoclasts

33
Q

How is Prolia administered?

A

IV (it’s a monoclonal antibody)

34
Q

How long can a patient be on Prolia?

A

3-5 years

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the PTH analougues?

A

They stimulate the production of new collagenous bone matrix

36
Q

What is a PTH analougue medciation?

A

Forteo

37
Q

How long can Forteo be administered for?

A

2 years

38
Q

What is the adverse effects of Forteo?

A

nausea, headaches, arthrlagias, back pain, leg cramps, ortho hypotension, dizziness

39
Q

What is the BBW for Forteo?

A

Increased risk of osteoscarcoma

40
Q

What are the adverse effects of Prolia?

A

back pain, extremity pain, musculoskeletal pain, HLD, UTI

41
Q

What are the adverse effects of Fosamax?

A

esophagitis, musculoskeletal pain, ocular inflammation, atypical femur fractures, osteonecrosis of the jaw

42
Q

What are non-pharmacological treatment modalities for osteoporosis?

A

Sufficient calcium and Vitamin D intake
Weight bearing exercises
Avoid excessive alcohol consumption
Smoking cessation

43
Q

How do OCP prevent pregnancy?

A

Inhibits ovulation, thickens cervical mucus, thins endometrium

44
Q

How does estrogen prevent pregnancy?

A

It prevents FSH and LH excretion thus preventing ovulation

45
Q

How does progestin prevent pregnancy?

A

Prevent LH production to prevent egg release, changes uterine lining to prevent implantation, blocks sperms ability to fertilize egg, thickens cervical mucus to hinder sperms ability to travel

46
Q

When should OCP be stopped?

A

Around 50-51 (onset of menopause)

47
Q

What medication effects OCP effectiveness?

A

Rifampin

48
Q

How are vaginal ring OCP used?

A

Every week in the vagina, 3 weeks a month with a one week ‘bleeding’ week

49
Q

What is the weight limit for vaginal ring use as an OCP option?

A

198lbs

50
Q

How does the implant work?

A

Placed under the skin, in place for up to three years

51
Q

What are the adverse effects of the implant?

A

It can move, irregular bleeding, mood swings, weight gain, depression, headache, acne, breast pain

52
Q

How is the implant removed?

A

Surgically

53
Q

How long to IUDs last?

A

3-12 years depending on the IUD

54
Q

How long do the IUDs need to stay in place?

A

They can be pulled up to 1 year into placement

55
Q

What are complications of the IUD?

A

irregular bleeding, implantation into the uterine wall, infections with placement, rejection by body (‘falls out’), cramping

56
Q

How long can a patient be on Depo shots?

A

2 years d/t BBW for bone demineralization with extended use

Advanced Pharm (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions