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Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q 
Abbreviations: 
CRH
DHEA
DIT
DOC
HCG
HPL
IGF
A 
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Dehydroepiandrosterone 
Diiodotyrosine 
11-Deoxycorticosterone 
Human chorionic gonadotropin 
Human placental lactogen 
insulin like growth factor
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2
Q 
Abbreviations:
T3 
T4
TBG
TRH
TSH
A 
Triiodothyronine
Thyroxine 
Thyroxin binding globulin 
Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Thyroid stimulating factor
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3
Q 
Abbreviations: 
MIT
MSH
PIF
POMC
PTU
SRIF
A 
Monoiodotyrosine 
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Prolactin inhibiting factor (Dopamine) 
Pro-opiomelanocotrin 
Propylthiouracil 
Somatotropin releasing-inhibiting factor
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4
Q

Peptide hormones released by the Hypothalamus?

A 
TRH
CRH
GnRH
SRIF
PIF
GHRH
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5
Q

Peptide hormones released by the Anterior Pituitary Gland?

A 
TSH
FSH
LH
GH
Prolactin
ACTH
MSH
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6
Q

Peptide hormones released by the Posterior Pituitary gland?

A

Oxytocin

ADH

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7
Q

What are all the STEROID Hormones?

A 
Cortisol 
Aldosterone 
DHEA
Testosterone
Estradiol 
Progesterone 
Estriol 
1,25- Hihydroxycholecalciferol
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8
Q

Hormones released by the Thyroid?

A

Calcitonin (amine)
T3 (peptide)
T4 (peptide)

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9
Q

Hormones released by Adrenal Cortex + Medulla?

A

Cortex: Steroids Medulla:
Cortisol NE + Epi (amines)
Aldosterone
DHEA

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10
Q

Steroid hormones produced by Ovaries?

A

Estradiol

Progesterone

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11
Q

What does the Corpus luteum produce?

A

Estradiol + Progesterone

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12
Q

Hormones produced by Placenta?

A

HCG (peptide)
HPL (peptide)
Estriol (steroid)
Progesterone

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13
Q

Peptide hormones produced by Pancreas?

A

Insulin (BETA cells)

Glucagon (ALPHA cells)

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14
Q

What is the function of Somatostatin or SRIF?

A

inhibit secretion of GH

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15
Q

What ist the function of GnRH?

A

Stimulate secretion of LH + FSH

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16
Q

What is the hormonal function of Dopamine (PIF)?

A

Inhibit prolactin secretion

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17
Q

What is the function of CRH?

A

Stimulates ACTH secretion

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18
Q

Function of FSH?

A

Stimulate Sperm maturation in Sertoli cells of testes

Stimulate Follicular development and estrogen synthesis in ovaries

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19
Q

Function of LH?

A

Stimulate Testosterone synthesis in LYNDIG cells

Stimulate Ovulation, Corpus luteum formation, estrogen and Progesterone synthesis in Ovaries

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20
Q

Function of ACTH?

A

Stimulates synthesis and secretion of Adrenal cortical hormones (Cortisol, androgens)

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21
Q

Function of Oxytocin?

A

Stimulates milk ejection from breasts and uterine contractions

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22
Q

Function of L-Thyroxine (T4)?

A 
Stimulate skeletal growth 
oxygen consumption 
Heat production 
Protein + fat + carb utilization 
Perinatal maturation of CNS
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23
Q

Function of Calcitonin?

A

Decrease Ca++ in serum

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24
Q

Function of PTH?

Study These Flashcards
A

Increase Serum Ca++

25
Function of Cortisol?
Stimulate Gluconeogenesis Inhibits inflammatory response Suppresses immune system Enhances vascular response to Catecholamines
26
Function of DHEA/ Testosterone?
Stimulate Spermatogenesis | Stimulate male 2nd sex characteristics
27
Function of Estradiol/ Estriol?
Stimulate growth/ development of female reproductive system Stimulate Follicular phase of menstrual cycle Development of Breasts Prolactin secretion Maintains Pregnancy
28
HCG function?
Stimulates Estrogen and progesterone synthesis in Corpus luteum of early Pregnancy
29
Function of 1,25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol?
Increase intestinal Absorption of Ca++ | Bone mineralization
30
Which hormones use Adenylyl cyclase mechanism of action (cAMP)?
``` ACTH LH FSH TSH ADH HCG MSH CRH Calcitronin PTH Glucagon Beta1 + beta 2 receptors ```
31
Which hormones use Phospholipase C mechanism of action (IP3 + Ca++)?
``` GnRH TRH GHRH Angiotensin II ADH (V1 receptor) Oxytocin alpha receptors ```
32
Steroid hormones?
``` Glucocorticoids Estrogen Progesterone Testosterone Aldosterone 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol Thyroid hormones ```
33
Hormones with Tyrosine Kinase mechanism of action?
Insulin | IGF-1
34
Hormones with Guanylate cyclase mechanism of action (cGMP)?
ANP EDRF (endothelial derived relaxing factor) NO
35
What effect does Prolactin have on Hypothalamus?
Stimulates dopamine | Inhibits GnRH
36
Which hormones act via cAMP?
``` ACTH LH/ FSH TSH ADH (v2) HCG MSH CRH Calcitonin PTH Glucagon Beta 1+2 receptors ```
37
What hormones act via IP3/ Ca++?
``` GnRH TRH GHRH Angiotensin II ADH (v1) Oxytocin alpha 1 receptor ```
38
Which hormones act via Tyrosine kinase?
Insulin | IGF-1
39
Which hormones act via cGMP?
ANP EDRF NO
40
What are the factors that stimulate Insulin secretion?
``` Increased Glucose Increased AA Increased FA or Ketoacid Glucagon Cortisol GIP Potassium Acetylcholine (Vagal stimulation) Sulfonylureas (Tolbutamide or glyburide) Obesity ```
41
Factors that inhibit Insulin secretion?
``` Decreased Glucose Fasting Exercise Somatostatin alpha agonists Diazoxide ```
42
What are the actions of Insulin?
``` Increase Glucose uptake Increase glycogen formation Decrease Glycogenolysis Decrease Gluconeogenesis Increase protein synthesis Increase Fat deposition Decrease lipolysis Increase K+ uptake ```
43
Factors that stimulate Glucagon secretion?
``` Fasting/ Exercise Decreased Glucose Increased AA CCK Beta agonists Acetylcholine ```
44
Factors that inhibit Glucagon secretion?
Insulin Somatostatin Increased FA or Ketoacids
45
What are the actions of Glucagon?
Increase Glycogenolysis Increase Gluconeogenesis Increase Lipolysis Increase Ketoacid formation
46
Which hormone secretion is increased by emotional input and sensory input from mother holding her child or anticipation of breast feeding?
Oxytocin **Prolactin only secreted with SUCKLING not emotional triggers
47
Insulin induced hypoglycemia will INCREASE the secretion of what hormones?
``` GH ACTH Cortisol PRL Glucagon Catecholamines ADH ```
48
Arginine infusion will increase secretion of?
GH
49
Sleep study will show increase release of what hormones?
GH PRL ACTH Cortisol
50
L-dopa will increase the release of?
GH
51
Increased plasma cortisol and adrenal androgens, increased skin pigmentation caused by?
Excess ACTH--> causes Adrenal Hyperplasia
52
Increased Salt retention (HTN), insulin resistance, increased fat deposits, decreased skin collagen, proximal myopathy caused by?
Excess CORTISOL--> Cushing syndrome
53
Clinical manifestations of excess cortisol are?
``` HTN Hyperglycemia (DB Mellitus) Central obesity (buffalo hump) Easily bruised (PURPLE STRAIE) Proximal weakness ```
54
Hair growth, decreased LH/FSH, increased sebum, and decreased Libido is caused by?
Excess Adrenal Androgen
55
What are the actions of Glucocorticoids?
``` Increases Gluconeogenesis Increase Proteolysis Increases Lipolysis Decrease Glucose Utilization== Increase Insulin Decrease Insulin sensitivity Inhibit Inflammatory response Increase alpha receptors on Vasculature Inhibit Bone Formation Increase GFR Decrease REM sleep ```
56
Actions of Mineralocorticoids?
Increase Na reabsorption Increases K secretion Increase H secretion
57
Actions of Adrenal androgens in Females?
Stimulate pubic/ axillary hair growth Stimulate Libido males--> same as testosterone
58
What are the actions of Progesterone?
Maintenance of Uterus Development of breasts inhibit FSH + LH secreted Maintain pregnancy

Endocrine (4 decks)

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