Hormones

Question 1

Anterior pituitary

Answer 1

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Prolactin 
Growth hormone (GH)

FLAT PIG

Question 2

Pancreas

Answer 2

Exocrine: digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, trypsin, chymotripsin) and bicarbonate

Endocrine: Insulin (remove glucose from blood & convert glucose to glycogen) and glucagon (breakdown of glycogen to glucose)

(Occurs in islets of Langerhans)

Question 3

FSH

Answer 3

Spurs maturation of seminiferous tubules

Stimulates follicle growth. Mature follicle produces estrogen.

First stage of menstrual cycle

Surge in LH secretion from pituitary causes ovulation

Anterior pituitary

Question 4

Progesterone

Answer 4

Readies the uterus for implantation

Production stops if LH stops and corpus luteum atrophies (no fertilization/implantation)

If implantation occurs hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) maintains corpus luteum (maintains progesterone and estrogen)

Question 5

LH

Answer 5

Luteinizing hormone

From pituitary

Surge causes ovulation

After ovulation remains of follicle in ovary create corpus luteum

LH stimulates corpus luteum to produce progesterone and estrogen

If no implantation occurs, estrogen and progesterone block LH and corpus luteum atrophies

Progesterone falls when luteum atrophies and uterine wall breaks down

Male- maturation of testes

Question 6

Epinephrine

Answer 6

Increases metabolic rate

conversion of glycogen to glucose, increase nasal metabolic rate, increase blood to skeletal muscles, heart, and brain

Question 7

ADH

Answer 7

Antidiuretic hormone- released in dehydration to make urine more concentrated (makes collecting duct more permeable)

Leads to ride in blood volume

Produced by hypothalamus, secreted by posterior pituitary

Question 8

Aldosterone

Answer 8

Produced in adrenal cortex, steroid

Conserves water and sodium (secretion of potassium)

Leads to rise in blood volume and pressure

Acts by increasing reabsorption of sodium in distal tubule

Question 9

Thyroid stimulation hormone

Answer 9

TSH, stimulates thyroid to secrete thyroxine

Question 10

Prolactin

Answer 10

Milk production

Question 11

ACTH

Answer 11

Adrenocorticotropic hormone- stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete it’s corticoids

Question 12

Posterior pituitary

Answer 12

ADH (vasopressin)

Oxytocin

Question 13

Oxytocin

Answer 13

Causes uterine contractions

Question 14

Thyroxine

Answer 14

Secreted by thyroid. Accelerated oxidative metabolism throughout body

Question 15

Parathyroid glands

Answer 15

Secrete parathyroid hormone- regulates calcium and phosphate balance between blood, bone, and other tissues (important for function of muscles and neurons).

Question 16

Adrenal glands

Answer 16

ADRENAL CORTEX: corticosteroids secreted in response to ACTH (stress)

Glucocorticoids-
Cortisol and cortisone
raise blood glucose, decrease protein synthesis, repress immune system

Mineralocorticoids-
Aldosterone
regulate plasma levels of sodium and potassium

Androgens

ADRENAL MEDULLA: specializes sympathetic nerve cells

Epinephrine (adrenaline) and Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)- conversion of glycogen to glucose, increase nasal metabolic rate, increase blood to skeletal muscles, heart, and brain