Hospital acquired infection Flashcards
5 examples of community acquired infection
Gastroenteritis- Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella
CAP
Meningitis/ encephalitis
Septic arthritis
MRSA
5 examples of hospital acquired infection
CDI (colitis)/Norovirus
HAP
Post-neurosurgical meningitis
PJI
CR-BSI
what percentage of patients develop a HCI?
7%
define HCAI
Infections acquired as a result of exposure to healthcare
48-72 hours after admission
After discharge
common sites for HCAI
lower resp tract urinary tract surgical site GI tract bloodstream skin and soft tissues
what type of bacteria is staph A?
gram +
gentamicin is good coverage for what
gram -
vancomycin is god coverage for what
gram +
define colonisation
Presence of microbe +/- multiplication
No invasion/toxin
No immune response
No active disease
define infection
Presence + multiplication
Invasion/Toxin
Immune response
Active disease
common organisms causing HAP
Streptococcus pneumoniae, any of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc
common causes of skin infection
Staph aureus (eg MRSA), Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus)
RFs for MRSA infection
Recurrent healthcare admissions,
residential/nursing home,
recurrent antibiotic use (esp. Ciprofloxacin 3rd gen cephalosporins),
chronic skin conditions
prevention for MRSA infection
washing hands
RFs for infection
devices
antimicrobial use
