Hospital acquired infections Flashcards
What is another term for hospital acquired infections?
Nosocomial infections
What are the three types risk factors?
latrogenic
organisational
patient risk factor
What are some problems with surface cleaning ?
most surfaces aren’t smooth and pathogens are able to hide in marks and scratches
Stainless steel isn’t easy to clean = cross contamination
Poor hand hygiene compliance
What is terminal cleaning ?
environmental cleaning after the discharge of an infectious patient
What are the problems associated with terminal cleaning ?
ineffective at eradicating MRSA
74% MRSA yield on swab before cleaning and 66% after
= more passive preventable measures needed to reduce MRSA populations on surfaces
What does MRSA stand for ?
Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
What is MRSA resistant to?
all beta-lactam antibiotics due to having the mecA gene encoding the low affinity penicillin binding protein
What does the ESKAPE group acronym stand for ?
Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter
What surface are superbugs killed on?
Copper alloy surfaces
What do influenza, coronavirus and norovirus survive on? what inactivates them?
survive for extended periods on contemporary materials
Inactivated on copper alloy surfaces
What surface inactivates wet inoculation such as norovirus?
copper and copper nickel
What surface inactivates dry inoculation?
phosphor bronze
How does copper inactivate the bacteria?
degradation of plasmid DNA
