Household Chem Flashcards
Study for exams (16 cards)
What are Acid and Base properties
Acids - Are corrosive, Sour taste, conduct electricity, neutralized by bases. TURN RED ON BLUE LITMUS.
Bases - soapy slimy feel, bitter taste, conduct electricity, cause burns, neutralized (reacts) with acids. TURN BLUE ON RED LITMUS.
Describe PH
PH scale is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. 1-6 = Acid, 7 = Neutral, 8-14 = Base.
What are indicators?
Indicators are chemicals that change colour to show if a substance is acidic, basic or neutral. These include Litmus paper (which only shows whether its a base or acid) and Universal Indicator (which turns the substance a colour).
What is neutralisation? Give an example.
Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid + base = Salt + water.
Metal + Acid
metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen gas
Metal + Oxygen
metal + oxygen = metal oxide
Metal + water
metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas
Naming Reactants R1
If 2 identical elements combine the name doesn’t change.
Naming Reactants R2
If 2 elements join and one is a halogen the name ends with ___ide. Metal goes first.
Naming Reactants R3
If 3 or more elements combine and 2 are hydrogen and oxygen the name ends with ___hydroxide.
Naming Reactants R4
If 3 or more elements combine and 1 of them is oxygen the name ends with ___ate. Metal goes first.
What is combustion?
Combustion occurs when something reacts with oxygen gas.
What is complete combustion?
When oxygen is unlimited. Fuel + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + water.
What is incomplete combustion?
when oxygen is limited. Fuel + Oxygen = Carbon monoxide + water.
What are some types of Acids? And formulae
- Hydrochloric Acid = HCl
- Nitric = HNO3
- Sulfuric = H2SO4
What are some types of Bases? And formulae
- Sodium hydroxide = NaOH
- Calcium Hydroxide = Ca(OH)2
- Ammonia = NH3
