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hitlers germany > how and why hitler was able to become chancellor in jan 1933 > Flashcards

how and why hitler was able to become chancellor in jan 1933 Flashcards

1
Q

how many people were unemployed in 1932

A

6 million

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2
Q

what article could the president in an emergency make laws without consulting the reichstag- pass laws by decree

A

article 48 of the constitution

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3
Q

who was the chancellor in 1930

A

heinrich bruning- economic policies were unpopulat, raised taxes, cut level of unemployment benefit and reduced the salaries of government employees

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4
Q

who did the sa attract

A

attracted many ex-soldiers and freikorps

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5
Q

in the 1932 elections how many votes did hitler and hindenburg have

A

hindenburg- 19 million, hitler 13 million

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6
Q

how many seats did the nazis have in may 1928

A

12

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7
Q

how many seats did the nazis have in sept 1930

A

107

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8
Q

how many seats did the nazis have in july 1932

A

230

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9
Q

how many seats did the nazis have in nov 1932

A

196

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10
Q

how many seats did the nazis have in march 1933

A

288

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11
Q

who did hndenburg appoint chancellor in may 1932 and why did he fail

A

von papen, didnt have enough support, hindenburgs advicers said that the army was against him

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12
Q

who did hindenburg appoint chancellor in december 1932

A

von schleicher- failed to gain majority, resigned after 8 weeks

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13
Q

when did hitler become chancellor

A

jan 30th 1933- hindenburg tried to ensure that hitlers power would be limited by maiing von papen the vice chancellor and restricting the number of other nazis in the cabinet to two

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14
Q

when was the reichstag fire

A

27th feb 1933

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15
Q

who was said resonsible for the reichstag fire

A

dutch communist marinus van der lubbe

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16
Q

what was the emergency decree called after the reichstag fire

A

protection of the people and the state- gave hitler powers to arrest anyone suspected of opposing the government, opportunity to arrect political opponents in the march election

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17
Q

the numebr of seats the nazis won in the march 1933 elections were…

A

288

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18
Q

what did the enabling act allow hitler to do

A

make laws without the reichstag- voted 444 in favour against 94 socialists against

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19
Q

when were trade unions clsed down

A

may 1933- replaced by german labour front

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20
Q

what was concordat and when did it happen

A

hitler signed agreement with thte pope,c atholics agreed to accept hitlers promise that he would not interefere with catholicsm in germany

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21
Q

how many of nazi party members were in the stormtroopers and thugs

A

2 million

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22
Q

why did rohm prose a threat to hitler

A

make stormtroopers part of the gemrman army
this alarmed hitler- could make roehm the most powerful man in germany
sa could challenge his leadership

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23
Q

when was the night of the long knives

A

30 june 1934

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24
Q

who was ‘gotten rid of’ in the night of the long knives

A

rohm
previosu chancellor- von schliecher
400 people executed

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25
Q

how was law and order changed

A

abolished right to rail before imprisonment
judges replacedd where ecessary by naxi supporters
ss and gestapo could put people into concentration camps without trail
peoples court- tries people for crimes against the state- any opponeent of the nazi’s

26
Q

who was head f the gestapo

A

reinhard heydrich

27
Q

who led the ss

A

heinrich himmler

28
Q

what sort of society did the nazis want to create

A

blood- if you are physically and mentally fit aryan- you had a lace in the new society, there was no toom for socal outcasts, the disabled or the non- aryans
soil-felt that the community should be based around the peasantry- whom hw considereed the most racially pure element in germnay
other classes should be encouraged to abandon their differences and focus instead on their new ties of blood and race
this classles socity would share the belief in the beauty of labour- this was streeed in propergansa, which used slogans like- work, labour, sets you free-

29
Q

wha was the name of the huge raly held at nuremberg

A

lasted several days, had perades. festival, religious ceremony

30
Q

how many newspapers were closed down in 1934

A

15000

31
Q

what happend at eh berlin olympics

A

1936
anti jewish slogans were removed from streets
properganda used to promote hitler

32
Q

what was the reich chamber of culture

A

musicians, actors, writer ans artists had to be memebers of the chamber before they could work or perform- membership depended on supporting the nazi’s, many couldnt accpet this and left gerany

33
Q

how many books were destoryed in may 1933

A

20 000

34
Q

what new subject was introduced in schools

A

eugenics- study of how to improve the ferman race through selective breeding

35
Q

when did it become cumpolsury to join the youth organisations

A

1936

36
Q

who was the famous pastor

A

pastor martin neimoller - spent 7 years in concentration camps

37
Q

who become the leader of hitler youth- hj

A

july 1933- baldur von schirach- leader of the hj- was oppointed the reich youth leader

38
Q

scholing for 6-10 year old boys

A

The little fellows

39
Q

schooling for 10-14 year old girls/ boys

A

The young folk

Young girls league

40
Q

schooling for 14- 16 boys/ girls

A

Hitler youth

League of german maidens

41
Q

probles of juvenile- facts

A

juvenile crime dropped at the begninnging (21 500 in 1932 and 16 000 in 1933) but then rose again- in the years 1937-42 the proportion of crimes comitted by huveniles went up by 200%

42
Q

subjects for boys/ girls

A

boys- chose between science, mordern languages or classics – could lead on to univerisity
girls- chose between modern langauges or home economics, home economics led to nothing but the ‘pudding matric’ which did not lead to univerisity

43
Q

types of schooling

A

national political education institutions 1933
adolf hiler schools- 1937
castles of order

44
Q

what did hitler do to the catholic church

A

agreement- leave the catholics alone if the pope kept out of german politics
1937- hitler started a concerted attack on the catholic church, arresting 200 proests on charges of financial and sexual impropriety

45
Q

what was done to the protestant church

A

hitler created a reich church – an unmbrella orgnaisation of all 28 states
gave his support to the german chrisitians who believed that pastors should take an oath of loyalty to hiter and that any member of the church who had jewished ancestry should be sacked. This leader, ludwig miller was given the title of reich bishop in 1933.

46
Q

job creation projects

A

7000km autobahnen- motoways

public words- forestry, water projects, hospitals, schools

47
Q

how much did the army grow

A

100 000 in 1933 to 1.4 million in 1939

48
Q

what was dr schachts new plan

A

reduce unemployment, to buil up the armament industy and to make germany self sufficuent

49
Q

what did those involved in the national labour service do

A

dug ditches and panted forests, the men had to wear uniforms and live in camps, they were given pocket money rather than wadges, the schmes were then extended to ambitios public works programs organised byt eh german abour front, ew motorways were built/ hospitals/ schools/ sports stadiumd- created thousands of jobs

50
Q

how much of the coutnries raw materials were still being imported in 1939

A

1/3

51
Q

what did the strength threw joy organisation do

A

provide cheap holidays
activites for leisure time
have own car- volkswagen- peoples car- bought on hire purchaise

52
Q

what were the nazi attitudes towards women

A

children, church and kitchen

53
Q

what did the law for the reuction of unemployment do in june 1933

A

interest free loans of up to 1 000 reichmarsks for young married couples on condition that wife gave up work, quater of the loan was czncled each time a child was born

54
Q

how did the sa treat jews

A

april 1933 sa organised boycot of all jewish shops, stood outside urging people not to enter, pained ‘jude’ on windows and beat up those who tried to enter

55
Q

how were jews treated

A

april 1933- boycott jewish shops- jude pained on shop windows
sacked all from government jobs
summer 1933 placecards appeared in public places- jews forbidden
nuremburg laws 1935
night of the broken glass

56
Q

nuremberg laws- september 1935

A

law of protection of german blood and honour- banned marridges between jews and aryans, and banned sexual relations outside marridge
reich sitizenship law- made jews subjects- lost legal rights
decree regarding the change of family names
decree to eliminate jews from economic life
decree by the reich minister to attend german schools
decree by the berlin police

57
Q

when was the the reich law on citizenship created

A

15th sep 1935

58
Q

when was the law for the protection of german blood and honour created

A

15th september 1935

59
Q

when was the decree to eliminate jews from economic life created

A

12th snovember 1938

60
Q

when was the night of the broken glass

A

9th november 1938

61
Q

night of the broken glass

A

jewish shot german embassy offical in paris
goebbels said there should be demonstations agains tthe jews
attacking of 8 000 jewish shops/ homes
10 00 jewish shopkeepers had their windows smashed + contents stolen
91 jews murdered
20 000 jews were sent to concentration camps
200 synagogues were brnt down
12th novemeber the jews ordered to pay a fine of 1 billion marks to the government

62
Q

other races/ types of people not accpeted

A

gypsies- didnt have regualr job/ moved around
tramps, beggers- arrested and put under forced labour
physcial disabilities/ mental problems- threat to aryan superiority- sterilisation in july 1933- also people with depression/ epilsy/ blindness-> later euthanasia

hitlers germany (1 decks)

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