How Babies Are Made Flashcards
(45 cards)
What are the three basic cycles
1) menstrual cycle-changes in the endo
2) ovarian cycle- changes in the ovaries
3) hormonal cycle
The menstrual cycle is also known as what other two names
Endometrium or uterine cycle
The menstrual cycle is based on a —- day cycle
28
The menstrual cycle can be broken into how many phases
5
List the five phases in the menstrual cycle
1) Menstrual phase
2) post menstrual phase
3) proliferative phase
4) ovulation phase
5) secretory (AKA premenstrual, post ovulatory, luteal) phase
The menstrual phase occurs on what days and is characterized by..
Days 1-5. Characterized by bleeding and sloughing as the corpus luteum regresses and a decrease in ovarian hormones occurs.
The post menstrual phase occurs on which days? This phase is identified by what on ultrasound
Day 6-9. A thin endometrium
The proliferative phase occurs on what days
6-13
The proliferative phase occurs at the same time as which phase of the ovarian cycle
The follicular phase
The proliferative phase is characterized by —- and —- of the endometrium
Growth and repair
What day does ovulation occur?
What is the main characteristic of ovulation?
Day 14. An increase in basal body temperature
On what days does the secretory phase occur
15-28
During which phase is the endometrium prepared to receive the ovum in the presence of increased progesterone
The secretory phase( premenstrual, post ovulatory or luteal phase)
What days does the ischemic phase occur
27-28
Hormone that is from the pituitary gland, responsible for the ripening of the graafian follicle, stimulates the ovarian follicles, promotes follicular maturation in the secretion of estrogen
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Hormone that comes from the pituitary gland, stimulates the final ripening of the ovarian follicle, the ovary secretion of progesterone, the rupture to release the egg, the conversion of the ruptured follicle into a corpus luteum
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
This hormone is constant through follicular phase with a large mid cycle surge 12 to 24 hours prior to ovulation followed by a slow decline during the luteal phase
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Where is estrogen produced
From the follicular cells of the ovary (as the follicle grows, the amount of estrogen produced is greater)
Which three hormones are necessary for follicle growth
FSH, LH, and estrogen
List functions or effects of estrogen
1) growth of ovaries and follicles
2) sensitizes the muscle to induce contractions of the Fallopian tubes
3) stimulates myometrial growth, cervical mucus secretion
4) growth and maintenance of epithelial surfaces and reproductive tract
5) growth of external genitalia
6) breasts- specifically duct growth
7) responsible for female body contours
8) sex drive and behavior
9) H20 retention
10) peaks slightly before ovulation causing an LH surge
This hormone is produced by the corpus luteum and will decrease if the ovum is not fertilized
Progesterone
List causes of progesterone
1) increase basal body temperature
2) induces secretory activity in the endometrium
3) prepares the uterus for the ovum (maturation of endo)
4) affects appetite
5) breast changes
6) inhibits the secretion of LH blocking LH surge in ovulation
A decrease in which two hormones causes the degeneration of the endometrial lining and subsequent menstruation
Estrogen and progesterone
The decrease in which hormone re-initiates the cycle
Ovarian hormone
