how do organisms reproduce Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is reproduction?
Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced from their parents.
What are the two main types of reproduction?
The two main types of reproduction are asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
True or False: Asexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes.
False
What is asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes, resulting in offspring genetically identical to the parent.
Give an example of an organism that reproduces asexually.
Bacteria and yeast are examples of organisms that reproduce asexually.
What is binary fission?
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction where a single organism divides into two identical daughter cells.
What is sexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote, leading to genetic variation in offspring.
What are gametes?
Gametes are specialized reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) that unite during sexual reproduction.
True or False: Sexual reproduction results in genetically identical offspring.
False
Fill in the blank: In sexual reproduction, the male gamete is called _____ and the female gamete is called _____.
sperm; egg
What is fertilization?
Fertilization is the process where male and female gametes combine to form a zygote.
What is external fertilization?
External fertilization occurs when eggs and sperm are released into the environment, as seen in many aquatic animals.
What is internal fertilization?
Internal fertilization occurs when fertilization happens inside the female’s body.
List two advantages of asexual reproduction.
- Rapid population increase; 2. No need for a mate.
List two advantages of sexual reproduction.
- Genetic diversity; 2. Increased adaptability to changing environments.
What is budding?
Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud on the parent.
True or False: Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction in plants.
True
What is the role of meiosis in sexual reproduction?
Meiosis is the process that reduces the chromosome number by half to produce gametes.
What is the significance of genetic variation?
Genetic variation is significant as it enhances the survival and adaptability of a species.
What are the reproductive organs in flowering plants called?
The reproductive organs in flowering plants are called flowers.
Define parthenogenesis.
Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where an egg develops into a new organism without fertilization.
What is regeneration in the context of reproduction?
Regeneration is the ability of an organism to regrow lost body parts, which can also lead to asexual reproduction.
What is the difference between oviparous and viviparous organisms?
Oviparous organisms lay eggs, while viviparous organisms give birth to live young.
Fill in the blank: The process of forming a zygote is called ______.
fertilization
