How do the Disaster Management Cycle and Park Model enable hazard management?

Question 1

Name all the Geography Hazard Models

Answer 1

. Degg Mode
. Disaster Response Curve (Park Model)
. Disaster Management Cycle
. Disaster Matrix

Question 2

Name and Explain the four parts of the Disaster Management Cycle in correct order

What are the strengths?

Answer 2

• This disaster cycle can be applied to manage a natural hazard.

*Since it’s a cycle it has to go in a specific order but can start from anywhere.

• It leads to improved preparedness, response times and reduced vulnerabilities. It shapes government policies so that communities have improved capacity to deal with natural disasters.

Strengths : The process is ongoing so people are continually prepared for natural hazards. It provides a clear framework for local authorities / communities, which can be used to manage natural hazards.

1.) Preparedness (pre - disaster) : Aims to help people be prepared in the event of a natural hazard

e.g. prediction, warnings (sirens), education, emergency response plan, evacuation drills

2.) Response ( post - disaster) : Immediate help in the form of rescue

e.g. emergency shelters, food and water supplies, etc.

3.) Recovery (post - disaster) : How can you you to return to pre - disaster conditions?

e.g. rebuilding infrastructure, debris management, economic recovery, rehabilitating victims physically and mentally

4.) Mitigation : Acting to reduce the impact of future hazards. Occurs prior to a hazard event

e.g. land - use zoning, hazard - resistant buildings,

Question 3

Explain the disaster response curve (park model)

What are strengths?

Answer 3

*shows the deterioration of the quality of life of the people affected and the speed at which the country returns to normality. The curve shows how fast human responses are.

. The X - axis is the time whilst y axis is the quality of life

. Versatile and can be applied to all hazards. It can be easily compared if the natural hazards are the same

.Since the Stage of the Park Model reflects on the nature of the recovery and the strategies used, it can be used to determine the fastest and most effective strategy to respond to future disasters.

. It has five stages (refer to my sheet) so it shows temporal change

Question 4

Issues withe disaster response curve (park model)

(Evaluation)

Answer 4

. Doesn’t take into account spatial variation meaning it assumes all areas of a country recover at the same rate.

. Doesn’t show quantitative data. For example, it doesn’t show the number of death, homes destroyed, etc.

. Doesn’t show what was done before to mitigate the affects of the natural hazard

. Hard to compare between different natural hazards as it is qualitative. There is a lack of data or figures.

. Quality of life subjective and varies between different groups in the same area.

.

Question 5

How can predict when the next hazard takes place?

Answer 5

By tracking the frequency i.e. the recurrence interval can be used to predict when the next eruption takes place

This enables us to mitigate the impacts and this is a form of preparation

Question 6

What the frequency magnitude principle state regarding natural events?

Answer 6

. There are more frequent low magnitude events and less frequent high magnitude events.

. This means we don’t have to worry about a high magnitude disaster that will cause mass extinction

Question 7

Issues with Disaster Management Cycle

Answer 7

. Qualitative so hard to directly compare responses and management in different areas.