How does population growth of a country change over time?

Question 1

why are past and projected figures guesses?

Answer 1

fators such as future wars or climate change are unknown in the future. In the past, it wasn’t possible to count the country’s population especially where there’s no sensus

Question 2

DTM=

Answer 2

Demographic transition model

-a model that shows the historical shift of birth and death rates from high to low levels in a population

Question 3

stage 1-high fluctuating primitive regime

Answer 3

high birth rate and high death rate caused by disease, war and famine. Population growth is slow. Only remote ethnic groups e.g. Amazonia and South East Asia are in this stage today

Question 4

stage 2-early expanding regime

Answer 4

Birth rates remain high due to lack of birth control and sociological factors e.g. women marrying earlier. Falling death rate due to improvements in hygiene, sanitation and medical care. Population growth is rapid e.g. Botswana

Question 5

stage 3-late expanding regime

Answer 5

Birth rate declines as economic development and education weaken traditions and emancipate women. Low death rate reflects control of major disease and improved healthcare/sanitation. e.g. India

Question 6

stage 4-low fluctuating, mature regime

Answer 6

Birth and death rate fluctuate around a low level. This creates population decline and is found in rich countries

Question 7

stage 5-declining regime

Answer 7

Birth rate falls for economic reasons and/or death rates rise again as disease of affluence and environmental problems in urban areas increase. Happens in the world most economically developed countries e.g Japan

Question 8

limitations of model

Answer 8

• death rate now usually falls much more steeply and for different reasons
• some countries have much larger base populations=affects impact of high growth in stage 2/3
• model was based on MEDCs in 1750s