How effective was parnells attempt to achieve land reform and home Rule. 2 Davitt, 2 Redmond Flashcards
(10 cards)
New departure
Effective.
Agricultural economy damaged by poor weather and falling prices.
Because of this agricultural decline, there were increased evictions.
This led to increased protests from tenants.
John Devoy and Micheal Davitt came up with the New Departure.
The IRB would move away from their goal of Irish independence and pair up with constitutional nationalists to solve the land question.
They would go back to their goal of independence once the land question was solved.
Parnell realised that if he joined up with them, he could win support for Home Rule
“Why should Ireland be treated as a geographical fragment of England”
This led to the Kilmarnock treaty which allowed Parnell to focus on Home Rule.
Westport speech
Effective.
Whilst discussing the New Departure, tenants held ‘monster meetings’ to protest high rents and evictions.
Parnell realised that to get support, he must be seen at these meetings, even if it risked him being labelled at a violent nationalist.
He made a speech at one of these meetings in Westport County Mayo:
“You must not allow yourselves to be dispossessed as you were dispossessed in 1847”
He reminded them of how they were treaty during the famine to strengthen resistance to home rule.
This was effective because it aided him to tackle land reform and allowed him to move into Home Rule
Parnell in US of A
Effective.
To gain support for the newly formed Land League and poor farmers in the west of Ireland, Parnell toured around the USA.
Parnell was made President of the Land League
He traveled over 15,000 miles and gave speeches across America and Canada.
He raised £60,000 for poor farmers and £120,000 for The Land League.
By the end of the Land War, Irish Americans donated £250,000 to the Land League.
Land agitation
Returned from USA, renewed efforts on land agitation.
Encourage tenants to boycott to tackle land reform.
Boycott came from Charles boycott, who worked for Lord Erne who owned 40,000 acres of land in Ireland.
Boycott failed to get him to reduce rent by 25% and issued evictions for the tenants.
The tenants boycotted against him.
In response to Parnells agitation, Gladstone passed the Coercion act which jailed people accused of agitation without trial.
Parnell protesters against this by making his own Newspaper called “ The United Ireland”, where he criticised Galdstone.
His arrest led to Kilmainham Treaty which tackled land reform and allowed Parnell to tackle Home Rule.
No Rent Manifesto
To tackle Land Reform, Parnell made his “United Ireland Newspaper” in response to the banning of the Land League.
On the 22nd of October, he published an issue of his newspaper with the “No Rent Manifesto” on the front cover.
“stand together in face of the brutal…enemies of your race”
This contributed to him being jailed with led to the Kilmainham treaty which effectively tackled land reform
Kilmainham Treaty
Gladstone realised that he and Parnell must cooperate and come to an agreement.
This resulted in the Kilmainham treaty.
This promised that:
Tenants had access to land courts, even with a written lease,
Gladstone would drop Coercion and agreed to help tenants in arrears.
“Parnell is the most remarkable man I’ve ever met”
Solved land question with tackled land reform and allowed Parnell to move on to tackle Home Rule
Irish National League
Party pledge
3rd reform act
Parnells downfall, IPP split
