How Nerves Work 1 Flashcards
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
- The central nervous system
- The peripheral nervous system
What does the central system consist of?
the brain and spinal cord
what does the peripheral nervous system consist of
the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord (including motor and sensory neurones as well as glia)
What is term for the division of the nervous system which controls voluntary function (skeletal muscle contraction)?
the somatic nervous system
What is term for the division of the nervous system which controls involuntary function
the autonomic nervous system
what is the term for the division of the nervous system which controls gut?
the enteric nervous system
what is the term given for the membranous covering of the brain and spinal cord?
Meninges
what is the function of the Meninges?
Protect the brain and spinal cord. There is cerebrospinal fluid within meninges (is this sufficient ask professor since technically not made by meninges)
what are the ridges of the cerebral cortex called?
the Gyrus (pleural: gyri)
what are the clefts of the cerebral cortex cold?
the Sulcus (pleural: Sulci)
Describe the four major parts of the brain?
- Cerebellum
- Cerebrum
- Diencephalon
- Brainstem
What is the cerebral cortex?
the outer layer of the cerebrum (the cerebral cortex ), composed of folded grey matter
what are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex and their position?
- frontal lobe
- temporal lobe
- parietal lobe
- occipital lobe
Check positions with:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/-/media/kcms/gbs/patient-consumer/images/2013/11/15/17/44/ds00266_ds00810_im03440_bn7_lobesthu_jpg.png
What is the diencephalon made up of, and their position?
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus (below thalamus)
What is the brainstem mad up of, and their position?
-Midbrain
-Pons
-Medulla oblongata
(top highest and bottom lowest)
How many cranial nerves are there
12
How many spinal nerves are there at each level?
- 8 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
- 5 sacral
- 1 coccygeal
function of cerebellum
movement
1 function of thalamus
relay sensory and motor information from spinal cord to cerebral cortex
function of hypothalamus
important in regulating body temperature and releasing hormones
function brainstem
basic tasks like controlling blood pressure , respiratory rhythm and cardiac rhythm
function of brain lobes
Each side of your brain contains four lobes.
- frontal lobe is important for cognitive functions and control of voluntary movement or activity.
- The parietal lobe processes information about temperature, taste, touch and movement.
- occipital lobe is primarily responsible for vision.
- The temporal lobe processes memories, integrating them with sensations of taste, sound, sight and touch.
What is a ganglion?
A set of cell bodies
Afferent vs Efferent neurones
Afferent- sensory neurones that cary information towards CNS
Efferent-motor neurones that cary information away from CNS
