How the Nazi party came to power 1929-Jan1933 Flashcards by rachel harvey

Q

What was the Wall Street Crash?

A

It occurred in America and affected most o the industrialised west. Germany was impacted because Germany was heavily dependant on US loans

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

How high was unemployment rates?

A

On January 1929 it was 2850000 and on January 1933 it was 6014000. By 1932 nearly 33% of the workforce was unemployed

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

Why did government revenue fall?

A

They were making less money from taxes

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

Why did government expenditure rise?

A

Increase in benefit payments (was only meant to support 800000 unemployed people)

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

What happened on July 1931?

A

The collapse of the Austrian bank, Kredit Anstalt

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

Why did the government have to support the banks?

A

People were withdrawing their money therefore, the banks had no money

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

What did France do?

A

They blocked an emergency loan to Germany

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Q

THE IMPACT OF THE GD

What happened in 1932?

A

There was no sign of Germany improving so a committee of financial experts agreed that reparations and inter-allied debts should be cancelled

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

Who was the Great Coalition government of 1928 under?

A

Chancellor Muller

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

Why did the unemployment insurance system create a crisis?

A

Different parties wanted to take different approaches

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

Why did the cabinet resign?

A

Attempts to compromise failed and Hindenburg refused to grant Muller emergency power to approve his budget

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

What ended on September 1930?

A

Democracy

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

Who did Hindenburg appoint as Chancellor in March 1930?

A

Henrich Bruning

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

Why did Bruning rule through Article 48?

A

Because his party did not have majority and he would ask to dissolve the Reichstag

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

What did Bruning want to do?

A

Increase taxes and cut welfare spending

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

How many seats did the Nazis party increase in the 1930 election?

A

12 to 107 seats. 33% of the popular vote

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

Why was the Nazi party popular?

A

They provided a sense of belonging through food and a uniform

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Q

FAILINGS OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT

What did the Nazis party not like?

A

The ban he had imposed on the SA

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Q

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER

Who had seats in the Reichstag in 1933?

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A

The KPD had 81 seats and the NSDAP had 288 seats

Q

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER

When did Hitler become the leader of the Nazi party?

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A

In 1921

Q

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER

What did Hitler do when he was in jail?

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A

He wrote about his beliefs in a book

Q

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER

What organisations did Hitler set up?

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A

The Hitler Youth and the Students’ League

Q

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER

Who was in charge of propaganda?

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A

Goebbels

Q

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER

How did the depression provide the party with its electoral breakthrough?

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A

The Weimar was weak and was unable to deal with the crisis, the Nazi party provided public work schemes to tackle unemployment and many people feared communism

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER | What was the purpose of propaganda and rallies?

To portray Hitler as the one who could solve all of their problems

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER | What are the factors behind their success?

Support of industrialists-financial backing as they were making donations, they were well organised-their leaders were trained, they made promises to voters and many other political parties underestimated the Nazis

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER | What promises did they make?

The unemployed were promised jobs, farmers were promised higher prices and shopkeepers were promised protection from larger stores

THE RISE&APPEAL OF HITLER | Why did the other political parties underestimate the Nazis?

Because of the unrealistic promises which they made to the public

ROLE OF PROPAGANDA | What did local groups do?

They were trained in art and they came up with new publishing techniques

ROLE OF PROPAGANDA | What did Goebbels do in 1932?

He flew Hitler around Germany so he could speak 3-4 rallies a day

ROLE OF PROPAGANDA | What did the Nazis do to communism?

They attacked it which caused some problems at communist rallies so they would send in the SA

ROLE OF PROPAGANDA | How did communism help the Nazi party to gain support?

Many people feared it so they played on it

ROLE OF PROPAGANDA | Were the November 1932 elections successful?

No they lost popular votes and the number of seats in the Reichstag

BACKSTAIRS INTRIGUE | Why did the Nazis party lose support?

They were unable to fund a full scale election campaign

BACKSTAIRS INTRIGUE | What did Schleicher try to do when he came Chancellor?

He tried to get some Nazi members to join his government so he could win his regime but Hitler would not allow it

BACKSTAIRS INTRIGUE | What did Schleicher do which worried industrialists?

He attempted to gain support from the SPD and the Trade Unions with the promise of economic reforms

BACKSTAIRS INTRIGUE | What did Papen do when he was removed from power?

He talked through intermediaries with Hitler to get revenge and remove Schleicher

BACKSTAIRS INTRIGUE | What did Hindenburg do when Schleicher couldn't gain majority in the Reichstag?

Hindenburg lost confidence in him and invited Hitler to government because of the Nazis decline in the November elections

BACKSTAIRS INTRIGUE | When did Schleicher resign?

28th January 1933

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | What did Hitler refuse to be?

The Vice Chancellor

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | What was agreed about Hitler and Papen?

Hitler would lead a Nazi-Nationalist coalition whilst Papen is the Vice Chancellor

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | What was Papen able to do over Hitler?

He was able to control Hitler and it was the best way to defeat the threat from the left

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | How many people in the cabinet were Nazis?

2 out of 10

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | Why did the government not command a majority in the Reichstag?

So they couldn't bring in radical legislation

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | When was Hitler appointed as Chancellor?

30th January 1933 because Hindenburg could sack him whenever he wanted

HITLER'S APPOINTMENT AS CHANCELLOR | How could Hitler's appointment have been avoided?

The Nazi party was virtually bankrupt, some signs of the economy was going to recover and Nazi support was falling