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HOW TO BRING BACK SOCIAL ORDER? Flashcards

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1
Q

DESCRIBE THE FRENCH AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS

A

FRENCH REVOLUTION
> lower class overthrowed the monarchy
> the problem afterwards was there was no one to lead

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
> a revolution caused by the transition to new and better technology

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2
Q

enumerate the 6 THINKERS

A 
AUGUSTE COMTE
HARRIET MARTINEAU
HERBERT SPENCER
KARL MARX
MAX WEBER
EMILE DURKHEIM
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3
Q

“father of sociology”

A

AUGUSTE COMTE

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4
Q

he coined the term sociology and discovered that we can study the science of society

A

AUGUSTE COMTE

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5
Q

his notable work is COURS DE PHILOSOPHIE (POSITIVE SOCIOLOGY)

A

AUGUSTE COMTE

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6
Q

what is AUGUSTE COMTE’s most notable work

A

COURS DE PHILOSOPHIE (POSITIVE SOCIOLOGY)

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7
Q

he focuses on methods and intellectual framework of the natural sciences

A

AUGUSTE COMTE

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8
Q

he was able to include and relate other sciences and bring it together

A

AUGUSTE COMTE

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9
Q

known for her research to promote social reform

A

HARRIET MARTINEAU

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10
Q

she is deaf but despite of that condition, she was able to not just relate the studies together, but also to relate it to real life occurrences

A

HARRIET MARTINEAU

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11
Q

she used not only observation but also but also research to promote social reform

A

HARRIET MARTINEAU

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12
Q

she translated the work of Comte from French into English

A

HARRIET MARTINEAU

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13
Q

what did HARRIET MARTINEAU translate and from what language

A

work of COMTE;

french to english

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14
Q

he views society as a LIVING ORGANISM

A

HERBERT SPENCER

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15
Q

he said that segments/parts of the society are interdependent to make specialized contribution (SPECIAL FUNCTION)

A

HERBERT SPENCER

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16
Q

he supports the idea of SOCIAL DARWINISM

A

HERBERT SPENCER

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17
Q

this idea refers not just to the evolution but the societies evolving through the function of each sectors

A

SOCIAL DARWINISM

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18
Q

he made the first textbook about sociology

A

HERBERT SPENCER

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19
Q

he wanted to achieve a classless society

A

KARL MARX

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20
Q

he recognizes the concept of inequality

A

KARL MARX

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21
Q

according to MARX, the history of human society = history of what

A

class conflict

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22
Q

according to him, the history of human society = history of class conflict

A

KARL MARX

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23
Q

according to MARX,

they control wealth, power and ideas in society. they also enforce laws and act against it

24
Q

according to MARX,
they are people who believe that social order can only be achieved through “dictatorship of the proletariat” and violent revolution

25
MARX used whose idea for his theory of communism
GEORG WILHELM HEGEL
26
what was the idea of GEORG WILHELM HEGEL that MARX used for his theory
HISTORY: THESIS + ANTITHESIS = SYNTHESIS | it means that there is always a counteraction in every situation
27
explain the idea that MARX had in order to achieve communism
``` PRIMITIVE vs TRIBAL WAR = FEUDALISM vs GUILDS = CAPITALISM vs PROLETARIANS = SOCIALISM vs BOURGEOISIE = COMMUNISM ```
28
he views sociology as a study of social action
MAX WEBER
29
he focuses on the individual meanings people attach to the world around them (symbols and interpretations)
MAX WEBER
30
according to him, in order to achieve social order, we need to recognize social actions because it is helpful in determining the needs of the people
MAX WEBER
31
he is in contrast with MARX
MAX WEBER
32
he made the first true sociological study
EMILE DURKHEIM
33
he stated the rules of sociological method
EMILE DURKHEIM
34
according to EMILE DURKHEIM, there are 3 rules of sociological method:
> SOCIETY shapes people in every possible way > INDIVIDUALS are product of Social Environment > “SOCIAL FACTORS”
35
what are the 4 perspectives on social order
``` > FUNCTIONALISM > CONFLICT THEORY > THE INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE / SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM > EXCHANGE THEORY ```
36
which thinkers established FUNCTIONALISM
HERBERT SPENCER & | EMILE DURKHEIM
37
other terms for FUNCTIONALISM
SOCIAL SYSTEM THEORY EQUILIBRIUM THEORY STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM
38
the perspective established by HERBERT SPENCER & EMILE DURKHEIM
FUNCTIONALISM
39
this perspective shows society as a system of highly interrelated structures or parts that function or operate together harmoniously
FUNCTIONALISM
40
this perspective shows the contribution of different parts for smooth functioning of the whole
FUNCTIONALISM
41
which thinker established CONFLICT THEORY
KARL MARX
42
the perspective which shows how each individual and group struggles to attain maximum benefit
CONFLICT THEORY
43
the perspective established by KARL MARX
CONFLICT THEORY
44
the perspective which tells us that SOCIAL INEQUALITY + SOCIAL CONFLICT = CLASS STRUGGLE
CONFLICT THEORY
45
according to CONFLICT THEORY, we need to manage and control these 3 for a classless society
POWER WEALTH ABUSE
46
which thinker established THE INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE / SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD
47
the perspective established by GEORGE HERBERT MEAD
THE INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE / | SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
48
this perspective shows how an individual makes sense of or interpret the social world in which they participate
THE INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE / | SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
49
according to THE INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE / SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM, the social worlds are from these three
SCHOOLS or EDUCATION SYSTEM FAMILY POLITICAL SYSTEM
50
this perspective is being concerned with the meanings that people, place on their own and one another’s behavior
THE INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE / | SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
51
in SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM, what do you call people who transmit and receive symbolic communication when they socially interact
PRAGMATIC ACTOR
52
the perspective established by GEORGE HOMANS
EXCHANGE THEORY
53
which thinker established EXCHANGE THEORY
GEORGE HOMANS
54
what are the three important points in EXCHANGE THEORY
rewards, costs, punishment
55
in EXCHANGE THEORY, an example of this is when there are groups or relationships that have costs
ECONOMIC RESOURCE(s)
56
in EXCHANGE THEORY, there’s a certain _____ that you need to pass in order to be a member of a certain association or group
CRITERIA

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