HPS111 - Week 5

Question 1

What different types of Brain Cells are there? What are they called and what do they do?

Answer 1

Neurons - nerve cells most fundametnal unit

Question 2

Draw a Neuron, label the dendrites, cell body, nucleus, axon hillock and axon, and notes of Ranvier.

Question 3

What covers the Axon, What is it there for?

Question 4

Where do neurons interact with each other (i.e what are the relevant parts of the neurons?)

Question 5

What is the junction called?

Question 6

What are the 4 types of neuron? Where might you find each of them?

Question 7

What is grey matter made up of? What about the white matter?

Question 8

What is the difference between intra-neuron communication (within a single neuron) and inter-neuron communication (between cells)?

Question 9

What is an ion? What types are there?

Question 10

What are diffusion and electrostatic pressure? How do they work? How do they affect ions?

Question 11

What is meant by semi-permeability of the cell membrane? What make sthem more or less permeable?

Question 12

What is the resting state of the intra and extra cellular space? What is the “resting potential” (both definitionally and specifically)?

Question 13

What is an excitatory potential?

Question 14

What is an inhibitory potential?

Question 15

What happens if a cell receives an inhibitory potential at the same time as an equally large excitatory potential?

Question 16

Where do the graded potentials converge?

Question 17

What are some differences between graded potentials and action potentials?

Question 18

What is the threshold of excitation? What happens when it is reached?

Question 19

What are depolarisation, repolarisation, and hyperpolarisation? When do these happen?

Question 20

Why can an action potential only go one way?

Question 21

Where do action potentials occur? What is this process called?

Question 22

What’s the relationship between neurotransmitters and graded potentials?

Question 23

What does pre-synaptic and post-synapitc refer to? Where are the dendrites?

Question 24

In general terms, how do psychoactive chemicals affect our brains )and therefore our experience)?

Question 25

What determins whether a neurotransmitter will bind to a post-synaptic receptor?

Question 26

Do you think inter-neuronal transmission is faster or slower than intra-neuronal communication? Why?

Question 27

How do neurons “know” to stop releasing neurotransmitters

Question 28

In a little more detail now, how can drugs affect our neurotransmission process?

Question 29

What type of neurotransmitter if a Glutamate? What is it implicated in?

Question 30

What type of neurotransmitter is GABA? What is it implicated in?

Question 31

Alcohol, Xanax, and Valium all work on what neurotransmitter network?

Question 32

What neurotransmitter and associated network is associated with drugs of dependence? Why might this be the case?

Question 33

What happens when you don’t have enough Dopamine?

Question 34

What neurotransmitter is involved in sleep, mood and arousal regulation?

Question 35

What does 3, 4-Methylenedioxmethamphetamine (aka MDMA), ecstacy) do neurologically?

Question 36

What can this tell us about the role of this neurotransmitter network?

Question 37

What is Actylcholine invovled in? What disorder is treated by addressing actylcholine networks?