HR

Question 1

Name rage different types of acts protecting human rights

Answer 1

The equality act 2010
Employment rights act 1996
Health and safety at work act 1974
Minimum wage act 1998
Data protection act 1998

Question 2

What factors does the equality act protect

Answer 2

Sex/pregnancy
Race 
Disability 
Sexual orientation
Age

Question 3

Describe the equality act

Answer 3

A number of different pieces of legisaltation were combined into one new law in 2010 this new act States that people must be treated fairly regardless of their backround this covers both employees and customers of the business

Question 4

In what way are you protected under the employment rights act 1996

Answer 4

Employment contract
Itemised wage slip
Redundancy
Unfair dismissal

Question 5

What is the health and safety at work act

Answer 5

Piece of legislation that aims to raise the standard of health and safety in the workplace for all workers and members of the public who’s safety may be at risk by the actions of the people at work

Question 6

What duties does the employer have in the health and safety at work act

Answer 6

Machinery is properly maintained
Hazardous substances are dealt with properly
Staff are trained properly

Question 7

What is the employees duties in the health and safety at work

Answer 7

Employees are expected to behave in a reasonable manner and co-operate with employers to ensure that all requirements are met

Question 8

What is the data protection act

Answer 8

With more and more information being collected electronically it is important that safeguards are in place to ensure that this remains secure the DPA is in place for this there are 8 principles that need to be followed

Question 9

What are the 8 principles in the data protection act

Answer 9

All information is fairly and lawfully processed
Processed for limited purposes
Information collected is adequate relevant and not excessive
Kept accurate and up to date
Not kept longer than necessary
Processed in line with data subject rights
Kept secure
Not transferred out of Europe without permission

Question 10

What is internal recruitment

Answer 10

Organisations advertise the job vacancy within the buisness which means that only existing members of staff can apply this could be done brought posting information on notice boards or via staff email

Question 11

What is external recruitment

Answer 11

When an organisation offers the job vacancy to both those working within the organisation already and out with the organisation for example in newspapers or on the website or various websites

Question 12

What is the advantages of internal recruitment

Answer 12

Vacancy can be filled quickly

Successful candidate knows how the organisation works
The organisation. Knows the strengths of the applicant for the job

Money can be saved in the recruitment process as there are no external advertising fees

staff are already known to the business

less training is required as existing staff already know the organisation

Question 13

What is the disadvantages of internal recruitment

Answer 13

Field of candidates are restricted the best candidate for the job may not already work for the organisation

No existing employees may have the skills required for the job

there is no ‘fresh blood’ being brought to the organisation with new ideas for the business

Conflict may occur with existing employees competing for a job as staff may feel ‘passed over’ when another member of staff is promoted

Higher salaries may be required

Question 14

What is the advantages of external recruitment

Answer 14

there is a wider range of applicants with new ideas that can be brought to the organisation

Large pool of people to pick from

Recruitment agencies can assist with filling agencies

it may be quicker to move the business along in terms of expansion

if employees have relevant experience they may not need much training

Question 15

What is the disadvantages of using external recruitment

Answer 15

Existing employees who do not get the job may feel demotivated
It is costly to recruit through a newspaper or website or using an agency

The successful applicant is unknown to the organisation so ultimately may be the wrong candidate for the job

new employees may take a while to become familiar with the organisation

Question 16

What is an appraisal

Answer 16

This is a formal meeting between the employer and the employee where performance is discussed
Normally occurs once a year and is documented
Employee received feedback and has the opportunity to evaluate their own performance

Question 17

What. Is the advantage of using an appraisal

Answer 17

Allows for high quality employees to be identified
Allows for employees to be praised on performance
Positive appraisals can be motivating for the employee
Targets identified
Opportunities and CPD can be identified
areas such as character and leadership skills are measured
employees are more relaxed than in a formal appraisal so are more receptive to advice
employees may relax more and react better to a review given by a colleague
a complete profile of the employee is gained

Question 18

What is the disadvantage of using an appraisal

Answer 18

Some employees do not see worth in it
Negative appraisals can be demotivating
Takes time out of work to complete
Can result in increased workload if lots of development needs are identified
personal relationship between peers could result in the appraisal being ineffective
time constraints can limit the quality of responses from so many people in the organisation
informal appraisals can become too informal and advice may not be taken on board
no record of feedback or targets is kept
some employees may find it difficult to be critical of their employees
bias could wrongly highlight an employee for a pay rise or a promotion

Question 19

What is the purpose of continual professional development

Answer 19

Staff development is important in an organisation being able to provide a high quality product service
CPD allows for employees to gain new skills whilst they progress through their career
Training can be aimed at meeting the objectives set by the organisation

Question 20

What is a virtual learning environment (VLE)

Answer 20

Technology has allowed organisations the opportunity to participate in CPD. Through virtual learning facilities these are specific password protected websites that people can log into

Question 21

What is the advantages of a virtual learning environment

Answer 21

It can be accessed at anytime and from any location 
Large numbers of people can access it 
It is easy to update 
Environmentally friendly
Allows for interaction

Question 22

What are training schemes

Answer 22

There are a wide range of work based qualifications that an employee can work towards these may be accessed in house or by a training provider

Question 23

What is the advantages of training schemes

Answer 23

Recognised qualification can be gained
Training takes place on the job mostly
Qualified assessors verify qualifications
Skilled staff benefit the business

Question 24

What is the disadvantage of training schemes

Answer 24

Can be time consuming
Employees may not be motivated to work towards qualifications
Costs money to enter people for qualifications

Question 25

What are the 4 types of employee relations

Answer 25

Motivated employees Staff turnover Absense Change

Question 26

Name 6 types of motivation strategies that can be used

Answer 26

``` Providing a fair wage Empowerment Incentives Open door policy Temporary contract CPD ```

Question 27

What does working practice result in Ian increase of

Answer 27

Increase In jobs within the service sector Part time and temporary contracts More women in the workplace Home and teleworking

Question 28

What will working practices result in a decrease of

Answer 28

Primary and secondary sector jobs have decreased Full time permanent jobs

Question 29

What is the advantages of flexible working

Answer 29

Ability to keep talented staff who are suited by this Reduction in absenteeism Better work/life balance Reduction in commuting- environmentally friendly

Question 30

What is the disadvantages of flexible working

Answer 30

``` Possible lack of managerial fpdirection Lack of team working Employees need to be disciplned and motivated Potential communication problems Less overhead costs ```

Question 31

What are the two different types of flexible working

Answer 31

Flexi time | Home working

Question 32

What is flexi time

Answer 32

Employees can finish and start when they want as long as they are on premises for core hours and are working their contracted hours per week this allows them to work up extra holidays due to working longer hours

Question 33

What is home working

Answer 33

Employees are working at home or other premises rather than an office

Question 34

What is the 3 leadership theories

Answer 34

Autocratic Democratic Laissez faire

Question 35

Describe the autocratic leadership theory

Answer 35

Links to mcgregors X and Y where there is tight control and the leader has absolute authority subordinates are not consulted in decisions and upward communication in the hierarchy is discouraged

Question 36

What is the advantage of using autocratic leadership

Answer 36

Quick decision making is made Employees get direct assistance from the leader Inexperienced employees can be motivated through the experience of the leader

Question 37

What is the disadvantage of using autocratic leadership

Answer 37

``` Lack of input from employee Encourages a blame culture Employees do not get an opportunity to develop Totally dependent on one leader Poor motivation of staff ```

Question 38

What is the democratic leadership theory

Answer 38

In this style there is good communication between the leader and the employee any decision the leader makes involves consultation and justification achievement is encouraged and recognised

Question 39

What is the advantages of using democratic leadership

Answer 39

Increase employee engagement and motivation Greater job satisfaction occurs through empowerment Employees better prepared for promotion Change is easier

Question 40

What is the disadvantage of using democratic leadership

Answer 40

This style may not be suitable for employees that require supervision De motivation may result if employees are only involved in small decisions Decision making process takes time

Question 41

Describe the laissez-faire leadership theory

Answer 41

Employees have a free reign with minimal interference from management in the work of the employees for this to be a success a very competent leader is required to set the wheels in motion

Question 42

What are the advantages of using lasses-faire. Leadership theory

Answer 42

Large amounts of trust amongst staff Increased motivation Less need for management Leads to less managerial costs

Question 43

What are the disadvantages of using laissez-faire leadership theory

Answer 43

This can lead to high pressure and stress amongst employees. Little control can lead to poor quality output Employees may look for higher wages due to their added responsibility

Question 44

Describe the mcgregor X and Y formula

Answer 44

McGregor proposed that there are two types of manager either x or Y

Question 45

What is the X viewpoint of managers

Answer 45

Negative viewpoint on employees Workers try and avoid what is asked Employees have no drive and no interest in responsibility Tim control excersised

Question 46

What is the Y viewpoint of mcgregors view of managers

Answer 46

Looks positively on employees Work provides people with a purpose Employees work towards shared goals Opportunities for development can arise

Question 47

What is the definition of work force planning

Answer 47

Ensuring that the right workers are available at the right time it is important that you have both the right quantity of staff and that they have the right skills for what you need

Question 48

Describing analysing demand in work force planning

Answer 48

Analyse the demand for the goods and services the organisation offers from. This it needs to be decided what staff are needed to meet the demand PESTEC factors should be considered

Question 49

Describe analysing workforce in work force planning

Answer 49

The current workforce is analysed to determine what is available and what gaps need to be filled can we develop current staff to fill these?

Question 50

How can the gaps be closed in work force planning

Answer 50

Recruiting and selecting new staff Training existing staff Retaining staff through motivation methods

Question 51

How can ICT be used in the management of people

Answer 51

Internet can be used to advertise vacancies online Video conferencing for interviews Email can be used to arrange appraisals and training ICT can be used for home and teleworking

Question 52

Name different types of testing

Answer 52

``` Psychometric testing Medical testing Fitness testing Attainment testing Intelligence testing Aptitude testing ```

Question 53

What is attainment testing

Answer 53

This allows to show that they have a specific skill a typing test may be given to see how many words that they can type per minute

Question 54

What is fitness testing

Answer 54

Sole roles require the applicant to hold a certain level of fitness candidates are out through a number of different tests to gauge this roles that have this in the selection process include emergency services

Question 55

What is medical testing

Answer 55

A doctor or nurse will asses the health of an applicant and whether they are physically able to do a certain job this could be eyesight for people who wish to become pilots

Question 56

name 5 selection methods

Answer 56

``` interview presentation role play group interviews team building tasks application forms ```

Question 57

describe the selection method interview

Answer 57

candidates will be invited for an interview and an interview panel will be formed. During the interview each panel member will assess the candidates answers to a set list of questions and their overall performance. After interviewing all the candidates the panel will assess the best performance and fit for the business

Question 58

describe the selection method presentation

Answer 58

candidates may be asked to give a presentation to the panel. this could involve using a flip chart or a computer and data projector the topic of the presentation would usually be given to the candidate in advance.

Question 59

describe the selection method role play

Answer 59

candidates may be asked to take part in a scenario that shows how they react in different situations. such as dealing with a difficult customer. The role play is designed to show the strengths, weaknesses and personality of the candidates.

Question 60

describe the selection method group interviews

Answer 60

candidates may be asked to take part in a group interview. this allows the business to see who emerges as a natural leader , but also to see how candidates react with one another.

Question 61

describe the selection method team building tasks

Answer 61

candidates may be asked to work as part of a team to a solve a particular problem they would be expected to work together to come up with an acceptable solution. this tests candidates team-working skills such as listening giving instructions, following instructions and interpersonal skills.

Question 62

name 5 of the 6 stages of the recruitment process

Answer 62

1 identify a job vacancy 2. conduct a job analysis 3. prepare a job description 4. prepare a person specification 5. advertise the vacancy internally and externally 6. send out application forms / ask for CV.

Question 63

what type of motivation methods does theory y suggest

Answer 63

``` staff appraisals recognition development opportunities empowerment employee participation worker director works council quality circles ```

Question 64

what type of motivation methods does theory x suggest

Answer 64

``` fair pay commission over time good working conditions offer permanent contracts ```

Question 65

give a description of workforce planning

Answer 65

the size and personell in a workforce is constantly changing therefore it is the managers responsibility to recruit new employees or remove existing ones

Question 66

give reasons why new staff may be needed for workforce planning

Answer 66

* increasing demand for existing products * developing new products to satisfy demand * opening new stores * entering new market * business needs to respond to flexible working arrangements

Question 67

give reasons as to why existing staff may need to be removed in workforce planning

Answer 67

fall in sales / demand employees take up a position with competitors or other local employees retirement, sick leave , maternity leave the business needs employees with new skills

Question 68

what is the first step in workforce planning

Answer 68

know the strategic business objectives

Question 69

what is the second step in workforce planning

Answer 69

analyse the labour market

Question 70

what is the third step in workforce planning

Answer 70

analyse the business demand

Question 71

what is the 4th step in workforce planning

Answer 71

analyse the existing workforce

Question 72

what must be included in a job analysis

Answer 72

the main physical and mental elements of the job; the specific skills that are required; who the job holder would be responsible for; who they would be responsible to; the location where they will work; the main health and safety considerations

Question 73

what must be included in a job description

Answer 73

the job title; the overall purpose of the job; the main tasks and responsibilities; what decision-making powers they have; who they are responsible for and to, and who they will work with; the skills, qualifications, and experience required to do the job; where the job will be based; the resources required to do the job; conditions of service such as details of pay and conditions available to the post holder; hours of work, and holiday entitlement.

Question 74

what should be included in a person specification

Answer 74

what physical attributes the successful candidate should have in respect of personal appearance, etc.; what skills, educational qualifications, training and experience the candidate should have; what level of intelligence is needed; what kind of personality is preferred; what special skills are required.