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SHRM-CP Terms > HR Competencies > Flashcards

HR Competencies Flashcards

1
Q

Authentic leadership

A

Leadership style that focuses on challenging and developing members of an organization to attain long-range results through continuous evolution, improvement, or change, based on the leader’s vision and strategy

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2
Q

Accounts payable

A

Money an organization owes its vendors and suppliers

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3
Q

Affinity diagramming

A

Data sorting technique in which a group categorizes and subcategorizes data until relationships are clearly drawn

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4
Q

Accounts receivable

A

Money an organization’s customers owe the organization

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5
Q

Assets

A

Financial, physical, and sometimes intangible properties an organization owns

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6
Q

Bribery

A

Exchange of anything of value to gain greater influence or prerference

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7
Q

Bias

A

Conscious or unconscious beliefs that influence a person’s perceptions or actions, which may cause that person to become partial or prejuduced

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8
Q

Balance sheet

A

Statement of an organization’s financial position at a specific point in time, showing assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity

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9
Q

Business intelligence (BI)

A

Raw date, internal and external to an organization, that is translated into meaningful information for decision makers to use in taking strategic action

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10
Q

Civil law

A

Legal system based on written codes (laws, rules, or regulations)

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11
Q

Confidentiality

A

Treatment of personal information that has been disclosed to another person or organization

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12
Q

Contrast effect

A

Tendency to enhance or diminish the strength or credibility of a statement or person based on one’s impression of a preceding statement or person

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13
Q

Business case

A

Tool or document that defines a specific problem, proposes a solution, and provides justification for the proposal in terms of time, cost efficiency, and probability os success

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14
Q

Cash flow statement

A

Statement of an organization’s ability to meet its current and short-term obligations, showing incoming and outgoing cash and cash reserves in operations, investments, and financing

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15
Q

Common law

A

Legal system in which each case is considered in terms of how it relates to legal decisions that have already been made; evolves through judicial decisions over time

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16
Q

Conflict of interest

A

Situation in which a person or organization may potentially benefit, directly or indirectly, from undue influence, due to involvement in outside activities, relationships, or investments that conflict with or have an impact on the employment relationships or its outcomes

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17
Q

Cultural relativism

A

Concept that argues that ethical behavior is determined by local culture, laws, and business practices

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18
Q

Delphi technique

A

Technique that progressively collects information from a group without physically assembling the contributors

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19
Q

Due diligence

A

Requirement to thoroughly investigate an action before it is taken, through diligent research and evaluation

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20
Q

Emotional intelligence (EI)

A

Ability to be sensitive to and understand one’s own and others’ emotions and impulses

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21
Q

Cultural noise

A

Type of measurement bias in which analyst fails to recognize that individual is responding with answers the analyst wants to hear

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22
Q

Culture

A

Basic beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, and customs shared and followed by members of a group, which give rise to the group’s sense of identity

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23
Q

Dilemma reconciliation

A

Process of charting a course through cultural differences

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24
Q

Due process

A

Concept that laws are enforced only through accepted, codified procedures

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25
Q

Ethica universalism

A

Concept that argues that there are fundamental ethical principles that apply across cultures

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26
Q

First-impression error

A

Type of measurement bias in which investigator makes snap judgements and lets first impression (positive or negative) cloud subsequent evaluation

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27
Q

Global mindset

A

Ability to have an international perspective, inclusive of other cultures’ views

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28
Q

Halo effect

A

Type of measurement bias in which analyst allows one strong point that he or she values highly and that works in subject’s favor to overshadow all other information

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29
Q

Equity

A

Amount of owners’ or shareholders’ portion of a business

30
Q

Extraterritoriality

A

Extension of the power of a country’s laws over its citizens outside that country’s sovereign national boundaries

31
Q

Focus group

A

Small group of invited persons who actively participate in a structured discussion, led by a facilitator, for the purpose of eliciting their input on a specific product, process, policy, or program

32
Q

Gross profit margin

A

Ratio of gross profit to net sales

33
Q

High-context culture

A

Society or group characterized by complex, usually long-standing networks of relationships; members share a rich history of common experience, so the way they interact and interpret events is often not apparent to outsiders

34
Q

Horn effect

A

Type of measurement bias in which analyst allows one strong point that he or she values highly and that works against subject to overshadow all other information

35
Q

Income statement

A

Statement that reports revenues, expenses, and profits for a specified period of time

36
Q

Intercultural wisdom

A

Capacity to recognize, interpret, and behaviorally adapt to multicultural situations and contexts (cultural intelligence

37
Q

Jurisdiction

A

Right of a legal body to exert authority over a given geographical territory, subject matter, or persons or institutions

38
Q

Key performance indicators (KPIs)

A

Quantifiable measures of performance that gauge an organization’s progress toward strategic objectives or other agreed-upon performance standards

39
Q

Liabilities

A

Organization’s debts and other financial obligations

40
Q

Low-context culture

A

Society in which relationships have less history; individuals know each other less well and don’t share a common database of experience, so communication must be very explicit

41
Q

Mean

A

Average score or value

42
Q

Median

A

Middle number in range of values

43
Q

Mind mapping

A

Date sorting technique in which group members add related ideas and indicate logical connections eventually grouping similar ideas

44
Q

Mode

A

Value that occurs most frequently in a set of data

45
Q

Motivation

A

Factors that initiate, direct, and sustain human behavior over time

46
Q

Negative emphasis

A

Type of measurement bias that involves weighting a small negative reaction or piece of information more than it should objectively merit

47
Q

Negotiation

A

Process by which two or more parties work together to reach agreement on a matter

48
Q

Net profit margin

A

Ratio of net income (gross sales - expenses and taxes) to net sales

49
Q

Networking

A

Process of developing mutually beneficial contacts through the exchange of information

50
Q

Scenario/what-if analysis

A

Statistical method used to test the possible effects of altering the details of a strategy to see if the likely outcome can be improved

51
Q

Transparency

A

Extent to which an organization’s agreements, dealings, information, practices, and transactions are open to disclosure and review by relevant persons

52
Q

Organizational culture

A

The basic beliefs and customs shared by members of an organization that contribute to the organization’s sense of identity

53
Q

Stakeholder concept

A

Concept that proposes that any organization operates within a complex environment in which it affects and is affected by a variety of forces or stakeholders who all share in the value of the organization and its activities

54
Q

Unweighted average

A

Raw average of date that gives equal weight to all values, with no regard for other factors

55
Q

Regression analysis

A

Statistical method used to determine whether a relationship exits between variables and the strength of the relationship

56
Q

Strategic management

A

System of actions that leaders take to drive an organization toward its goals and objectives

57
Q

Value

A

The benefit created when an organization meets its strategic goals; measure of usefulness, worth, or importance

58
Q

Root-cause analysis

A

Type of analysis that starts with a result and then works backwards to identify fundamental cause

59
Q

Strategy

A

Plan of action for accomplishing an organization’s overall and long-range goals

60
Q

Variance analysis

A

Statistical method for identifying the degree of difference between planned and actual performance or outcomes

61
Q

Nominal group technique

A

Technique in which participants each suggest ideas through a series of rounds and then discuss the items, eliminate redundancies and irrelevancies, and agree on the importance of the remaining items

62
Q

Social intelligence

A

Ability to create conversations or rapport with others

63
Q

Trend analysis

A

Statistical method that examines data from different points in time to determine if a variance is an isolated event or if it is part of a longer trend

64
Q

Ratio analysis

A

Using relationships between data in financial statement to measure the financial health of an organization

65
Q

Stereotyping

A

Generalized opinions about how people of a given gender, race, religion, age, education level, job type, or national origin look, think, act, feel, or respond

66
Q

Validity

A

Extent to which a measurement instrument measures what it is intended to measure

67
Q

Reliability

A

Extent to which a measurement instrument provide consistent results

68
Q

Strategic planning

A

Process of setting goals and designing a path toward organizational success

69
Q

Value chain

A

The process by which an organization creates the product or service it offers to the customer

70
Q

Rule of law

A

Concept that stipulates that no individual is beyond the reach of the law and that authority is exercised only in accordance with written and publicly disclosed laws

71
Q

Transformational leadership

A

Leadership style that focuses on challenging and developing members of an organization to attain long range results through continuous evolution, improvement, or change, based on the leader’s vision and strategy

72
Q

Weighted average

A

Average of data that adds factors to reflect the importance of different values

SHRM-CP Terms (4 decks)

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