HSPH practitioner

Question 1

Inverse care law

Answer 1

Those how need care the most actually receive the least

Question 2

Patient education

Answer 2

Set of planned education activities that intend to improve health behaviours

Question 3

Health education

Answer 3

Interventions that provide learning opportunities directed towards improving health beliefs and behaviours

Question 4

Patient centred care

Answer 4

Providing care that is respectful of and responsive to patients individual preferences, needs and values where their views guide all clinical decisions

Question 5

Controlling behaviour

Answer 5

Acts designed to make a person subordinate by regulating their everyday behaviour

Question 6

Coercive behaviour

Answer 6

Acts designed to harm, punish or frighten the victim

Question 7

Number of female murders by partner

Answer 7

54%

Question 8

Number of male murders by partner

Answer 8

5%

Question 9

Risk factors for DVA

Answer 9

Women
Younger age
Poverty
Separation

Question 10

Presentation of DVA

Answer 10

Most consistent = gynaecological problems 
Chronic pain 
GI disorders 
Mental health problems
- depression 
- PTSD 
- alcohol abuse 
- suicidal thoughts

Question 11

HARKS template

Answer 11

Humiliate 
Afraid 
Rape 
Kick 
Safe

Question 12

Lifetime prevalence of DVA

Answer 12

1/3

Question 13

People experiencing physical violence in the past year

Answer 13

1/10

Question 14

Ethnicity

Answer 14

Distinct set of cultural characteristics that can include common geographic and ancestral origins, language, rituals and traditions

Question 15

Epidemiology

Answer 15

Study of patterns of disease that influence the emergence, propagation and frequency of a disease in a population

Question 16

Institutional racism

Answer 16

Collective failure of an institution to provide an appropriate service to people because of their colour, culture or ethnic origin

Question 17

Social capital

Answer 17

Network of relationships among people who work and live in a particular society, enabling that society to function collectively

Question 18

Problems with EBM

Answer 18

Limitations of RCTs 
- this 
- rare diseases 
- emergency cases
- time lag 
Design of RCT 
- bias 
- internal and external validity 
Cost 
Politics --> who funds? 
Deproffesionalisation

Question 19

Mechanic’s 10 variables to influence illness behaviour

Answer 19

Visibility of symptoms 
Perceived severity 
Disruption to daily life 
Frequency of symptoms 
Tolerance threshold of person 
Available information and understanding 
Denial of symptoms 
Normalisation 
Availability of treatment resources 
Need to compete with illness responses

Question 20

Zola’s triggers to consultation

Answer 20

Interpersonal crisis
Perceived interference with vocational or physical activity
Temporalisation = setting deadline
Sanctioning = pressure/permission from other people to seek help

Question 21

What does health inequality loop describe?

Answer 21

Places during the planning and delivery of care in which inequalities can occur

Question 22

Most deprived boroughs in London

Answer 22

Hackney
Newham
Tower Hamlets

Question 23

Child poverty in Tower Hamlets

Answer 23

49%

London average = 37%

Question 24

Leading cause of premature death

Answer 24

Ischaemic heart disease

Question 25

Enacted stigma

Answer 25

Unfair treatment because of having a conditions

Question 26

Felt/anticipated stigma

Answer 26

Fear of discrimination occurring that leads to behaviour change

Question 27

Courtesy stigma

Answer 27

Stigmatisation of the people association with the stigmatised person

Question 28

Define poverty

Answer 28

Where people lack many of the opportunities available to the average citizen

Question 29

Define absolute poverty

Answer 29

Set standard that is the same in all countries and does not change with time

Question 30

Define relative poverty

Answer 30

Standard that is defined in terms of the society in which an individual lives and therefore differs depending on country and time scale

Question 31

Define child poverty

Answer 31

Child living in a household that learns <60% of the median income

Question 32

General rate of adherence

Answer 32

50%

Question 33

Adherence rate for acute illness with short term treatment

Answer 33

78%

Question 34

Adherence rate for chronic illness with long term treatment

Answer 34

54%

Question 35

Adherence rate for medication to prevent illness

Answer 35

60%

Question 36

Adherence rate for lifestyle changes

Answer 36

2-10%

Question 37

Memory in adherence

Answer 37

More told, more you forget Remember first and last things said best More medical knowledge means you remember more

Question 38

Practical barriers to adherence

Answer 38

Cost Mobility Healthcare hours

Question 39

Define compliance

Answer 39

How much the patient does what they were told by the doctor

Question 40

Define adherence

Answer 40

Extent to which patients behaviour corresponds with the agreed recommendations from the HCP

Question 41

Define concordance

Answer 41

Process of consultation that is based on partnership

Question 42

Components of adherence

Answer 42

``` Initiation = do they start Persistence = how long do they do it for Execution = how well do they follow the regime, e.g. dosing hours ```